Electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) Initiative

1957-1958年国际地球物理年(IGY)是继上个世纪日益成功的国际极地年(IPYS)之后举行的。国际地球年使来自世界各地的科学家能够利用最先进的共同仪器和数据处理参与对地球科学现象的系统和全球观测。IGY调查人员建立了世界数据中心系统，以收集、归档和分发收集的各种数据类型。然而，卵黄年最大的贡献可能是科学合作的精神和对新发现的兴奋有效地传递给了公众和政策制定者。电子地球物理年旨在利用国际地球年50周年之际，支持、促进和推广国际地球年和更早的国际地球年所确立的原则。该奖项支持协调美国与国际组织的活动，以期实现环境与发展基金的目标。特别是，地球物理学会已经或正在与其他纪念国际年50周年的活动建立正式关系：国际极地年、国际太阳物理年和国际行星地球年。与以往的国际年和国际年一样，生态联盟组织并不打算使自己永垂不朽。由专家小组发起和/或振兴的这些国际协调活动将移交给现有的或新兴的国际机构。50年前，收集和分发大量硬拷贝记录是一个巨大的挑战。今天，地球科学中的大多数分支学科都建立了许多重要数据集的电子存档和分发。这些数据集有可能以意想不到的方式组合在一起，导致重大的新科学进步。EGY的一个主要目的是通过所谓的“虚拟天文台”，利用语义网的全部能力和其他新兴的数据搜索和组织技术，促进跨学科的数据电子交换。ESY还包括一项教育和公共宣传(EPO)努力，为学生和教师提供访问数据的机会。这项工作将需要开发与选定的虚拟天文台并行的EPO接口，并制定教学计划和辅助材料，以便学生能够访问、使用和学习虚拟天文台上的数据。Egy打算寻求私人基金会资金来支持EPO的这一努力。该机制的其他主要目标将使国际关注数据保存和挽救的必要性，并为解决与数字鸿沟有关的不平等问题提供一个框架。除了欧洲专利局的努力外，欧洲专利局的职能是通过赞助研讨会、主要会议和出版物来促进和提供信息。

The International Geophysical Year of 1957-1958 (IGY) followed the increasingly successful series of International Polar Years (IPYs) in the preceding century. The IGY allowed scientists from around the world to participate in systematic and global observations of geoscientific phenomena using the state-of-the-art common instruments and data processing. IGY investigators set up the World Data Center system to collect, archive, and distribute the wide variety of data types collected. Perhaps the largest contributions of the IGY, however, were that the spirit of scientific cooperation and the excitement of new discoveries were effectively transmitted to the public and policy makers. The Electronic Geophysical Year (eGY) intends to use the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the IGY to embrace, promote, and extend the principles established in the IGY and earlier IPYs. This award supports efforts to coordinate U. S. activities with international organizations aimed at the goals of eGY. In particular, eGY has established, or is in the process of establishing, formal relations with other activities honoring the 50th anniversary of the IGY: The International Polar Year (IPY), the International Heliophysical Year (IHY), and the International Year of Planet Earth. As with previous IPYs and the IGY, the eGY organization does not intend to perpetuate itself. Those international coordination activities initiated and/or rejuvenated by the eGY will be transferred to existing or emerging international bodies. Fifty years ago it was a significant challenge to collect and physically distribute a large volume of hard copy records. Today most sub-disciplines in the geosciences have established electronic archiving and distribution of many important data sets. These data sets have the potential to be combined in unanticipated ways leading to significant new scientific advances. A major thrust of eGY is to facilitate interdisciplinary electronic exchange of data by exploiting the full capability of the semantic web and other emerging data search and organization techniques through so-called "virtual observatories." eGY also includes an education and public outreach (EPO) effort providing students and teachers access to data. This effort will require development of parallel EPO interfaces to selected virtual observatories and the development of lesson plans and supporting material so that students can access, use, and learn from data on virtual observatories. eGY intends to seek private foundation funds to support this EPO effort. Other major thrusts of eGY will focus international attention on the need for data preservation and rescue and provide a framework to address inequalities associated with the digital divide. With the exception of the EPO effort, eGY's function is to facilitate and inform by sponsoring symposia, sessions in major meetings, and publications.