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Ecological and evolutionary role of a persistent soil seed bank in perennial herbaceous plant species

多年生草本植物持久土壤种子库的生态和进化作用

基本信息

批准号：
173814007
负责人：
Professor Dr. Rolf Lutz Eckstein
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Biology
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/173814007?language=en
关键词：
Ecological evolutionary role persistent soil

项目摘要

Plants have developed two risk reduction mechanisms, dispersal and dormancy, to cope with the unpredictability of their habitats. Theoretical models suggest a number of specific effects of dormant seeds in a soil seed bank on plant demography, genetic structure and evolutionary biology. Thus, seed banks may increase or conserve genetic diversity and reduce population differentiation. However, empirical data on genetic relationships between seed bank and above-ground population are scarce. This project will consist of field and common garden studies. Based on information of previous own studies, it will focus on Viola elatior Fries, a perennial herb occurring along an environmental gradient from floodplain meadows to alluvial forests. The main aims are to test the hypotheses that (1) a persistent soil seed bank in a perennial plant serves as a reservoir of genotypes that are not longer present in the above-ground population, (2) variation in seed dormancy and germination in response to different selection regimes depends on the genetic diversity of the parent population and (3) that naturally and enforced germinating seeds differ in post-germination traits and fitness. We will do an AFLP genome scan to identify potentially adaptive loci in the seed bank and the above-ground population and along an environmental gradient. Additionally, we will address the question whether and how genetic diversity and differentiation of Viola elatior populations are related to the surrounding landscape structure using a landscape genetic approach based on different landscape metrics.

植物发展了两种降低风险的机制，即扩散和休眠，以科普其栖息地的不可预测性。理论模型表明，土壤种子库中的休眠种子对植物种群、遗传结构和进化生物学有许多特定的影响。因此，种子库可以增加或保存遗传多样性，减少种群分化。然而，种子库和地上种群之间的遗传关系的经验数据很少。该项目将包括实地和共同花园研究。根据以前自己的研究资料，它将侧重于Viola elatior Fries，这是一种多年生草本植物，沿着从河漫滩草甸到冲积森林的环境梯度生长。主要目的是检验以下假设：（1）多年生植物中持久的土壤种子库是地上种群中不再存在的基因型的水库，（2）种子休眠和萌发对不同选择制度的反应的变化取决于亲本群体的遗传多样性;（3）自然萌发和强制萌发的种子在后发芽特性和适合度。我们将做一个AFLP基因组扫描，以确定潜在的适应位点的种子库和地上人口和沿着环境梯度。此外，我们将解决的问题是否以及如何遗传多样性和分化的紫花地丁种群与周围的景观结构，使用景观遗传方法的基础上不同的景观指标。