Integrative Approaches to Identify Stomatal Cell Fate Determinants

识别气孔细胞命运决定因素的综合方法

• 批准号: 0544895
• 负责人: Dominique Bergmann
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2009-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0544895&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrative; Approaches; Identify; Stomatal; Cell

All multicellular organisms face the challenge of balancing cell proliferation with cell differentiation and patterning. Defects in this balance can lead to malformed organs, to neural degeneration and to cancerous growth. In plants, this coordination challenge is exemplified by the creation and organization of stomata, the epidermal structures that regulate the exchange of carbon dioxide and water vapor between plants and the atmosphere. The overall density and distribution of stomata on the plant requires the integration of information from cell intrinsic factors, from local cell-cell interactions and from the environment. The experiments in this proposal identify and characterize genes required to promote stomatal development. A series of molecular and genetic approaches will be used to address the role of a transcription factor, FAMA, in the repression of cell division and promotion of stomatal development and to identify its partners and targets. Additionally, new mutations identified in a novel screen for stomatal promoting genes will be characterized and mapped. These studies should contribute to an understanding of the developmental mechanisms by which plants control the density and pattern of stomata, and may lead to strategies for manipulating gas exchange for improved growth of crop plants and biomass production. Portions of the project will be carried out by undergraduate students, several of whom are from groups traditionally underrepresented in science; this will expose promising young students to scientific research. Early exposure to the logic and methodology of basic research will facilitate their involvement in future scientific endeavors.

所有多细胞生物都面临着平衡细胞增殖与细胞分化和模式化的挑战。 这种平衡的缺陷会导致器官畸形、神经退化和癌症生长。 在植物中，这种协调挑战的例子是气孔的产生和组织，气孔是调节植物和大气之间二氧化碳和水蒸气交换的表皮结构。 植物上气孔的总体密度和分布需要来自细胞内在因素、来自局部细胞-细胞相互作用和来自环境的信息的整合。 在这个建议中的实验确定和表征所需的基因，以促进气孔发育。一系列的分子和遗传学方法将被用来解决的作用，转录因子，法马，在抑制细胞分裂和促进气孔发育，并确定其合作伙伴和目标。 此外，在气孔促进基因的新筛选中发现的新突变将被表征和映射。 这些研究应有助于了解植物控制气孔密度和模式的发育机制，并可能导致操纵气体交换以改善作物生长和生物量生产的策略。该项目的部分内容将由本科生实施，其中一些学生来自传统上在科学领域代表性不足的群体;这将使有前途的年轻学生接触科学研究。早期接触基础研究的逻辑和方法将有助于他们参与未来的科学努力。