CAREER: Asymmetric Protein Localization and Control of Stomatal Lineage Cell Fate

职业：不对称蛋白质定位和气孔谱系细胞命运的控制

• 批准号: 0845521
• 负责人: Dominique Bergmann
• 金额: $ 57.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0845521&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Asymmetric; Protein; Localization; Control

During development, all multicellular organisms face a similar set of challenges: they must create a diverse set of specialized cell types, organize these cells into functional tissues, and maintain pools of stem cells to replenish those tissues throughout their lifetimes. Asymmetric cell division, in which one cell divides to create daughter cells that differ in size, location and cellular components, is an important mechanism for solving these developmental challenges. While all organisms must solve the same problem of generating asymmetries, they do not always come up with the same answer. This project uses the development of stomata (epidermal structures that regulate CO2 and H2O exchange between the plant and atmosphere) as a model to understand how asymmetries are generated in plants. BASL protein, first identified by its role in stomatal development, is a plant-specific regulator of cell and tissue asymmetries, and will be used to identify the general components required for plant asymmetric cell divisions. Stomata not only provide a framework to discover fundamental developmental mechanisms, they function as major components of terrestrial water and carbon cycles. As we witness changes in the global climate, understanding the mechanisms by which plants control the density and pattern of stomata will be essential to produce food or fuel crops that withstand or mitigate production of detrimental climatic conditions. This CAREER proposal integrates research, teaching and public outreach about genetics and developmental biology. A new course was designed to make students consumers of biological information from a variety of sources, including primary literature and the mainstream media. Then, in partnership with The Tech Museum, students will produce publicly accessible scientific articles. The Tech has programs designed to promote scientific literacy among the adults and children and these programs reach a broad audience including K-8 students in some of the most under-served school districts.

在发育过程中，所有多细胞生物都面临着类似的挑战：它们必须创造出一系列不同的特化细胞类型，将这些细胞组织成功能组织，并在其一生中维持干细胞库以补充这些组织。不对称细胞分裂，即一个细胞分裂产生大小、位置和细胞成分不同的子细胞，是解决这些发育挑战的重要机制。虽然所有生物都必须解决产生不对称的同一个问题，但它们并不总是得到相同的答案。该项目利用气孔（调节植物与大气之间二氧化碳和水交换的表皮结构）的发育作为模型来理解植物中不对称是如何产生的。BASL蛋白最初被发现在气孔发育中起作用，是植物细胞和组织不对称的特异性调节因子，将被用于鉴定植物不对称细胞分裂所需的一般成分。气孔不仅提供了一个框架来发现基本的发育机制，它们还是陆地水和碳循环的主要组成部分。随着全球气候的变化，了解植物控制气孔密度和模式的机制对于生产能够抵御或减轻有害气候条件的粮食或燃料作物至关重要。这个职业计划整合了遗传学和发育生物学的研究、教学和公共宣传。设计了一门新课程，使学生能够从各种来源获取生物信息，包括原始文献和主流媒体。然后，学生们将与科技博物馆合作，撰写可公开访问的科学文章。该技术的项目旨在提高成人和儿童的科学素养，这些项目涉及广泛的受众，包括一些最缺乏服务的学区的K-8学生。