Presupposition Accommodation Conference and Intensive Course

预设住宿会议和强化课程

• 批准号: 0548305
• 负责人: Craige Roberts
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0548305&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Presupposition; Accommodation; Conference; Intensive; Course

Many scholars in semantics, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, artificial intelligence and philosophy of language have focused during the past decade on contextual effects in interpretation. Presupposition accommodation is at the intersection of central issues in this area. When an utterance presupposes information which the addressee does not already have (I'm on my way to my daughter's graduation" presupposes the speaker has a daughter), the addressee may sometimes cooperatively accommodate that information, behaving as though he already knew it to be true, and go on to respond appropriately to the assertion ("Congratulations!"). This project comprises a week-long intensive interdisciplinary course for students, followed by a three-day workshop on presupposition accommodation, bringing together scholars from across the five fields. An interactive website will subsequently provide an ongoing virtual roundtable for continued interdisciplinary engagement with the questions at issue. The main goals are to foster the development of a new stage of the literature on presupposition and context-dependence, informed by application as well as theory, and to enliven the interdisciplinary discussion through the intensive course and the on-going website.Presupposition accommodation has broad implications for the theory of linguistic interpretation across the five fields involved in the project, because it involves many of the same processes and constraints as in the recognition of contextual effects generally. In addition to its ramifications for theories of meaning in linguistics and for philosophical discussions of the nature of meaning, presupposition accommodation bears on psycholinguistic theories of human linguistic competence, illustrating the interaction between linguistic and non-linguistic (general cognitive) processes. An appreciation of how it functions is important for the creation of software that aims to systematically interpret or produce language in context. Significant new advances in our understanding of these issues are more likely to be made through interdisciplinary collaboration.

在过去的十年里，语义学、语用学、心理语言学、人工智能和语言哲学的许多学者都在关注口译中的语境效应。预设住宿是这一领域中心问题的交汇点。当话语预设了收件人还不知道的信息时(我正在去参加我女儿的毕业典礼的路上，前提是说话者有一个女儿)，收件人有时可能会合作地容纳这些信息，表现得好像他已经知道这是真的一样，然后继续适当地回应断言(“祝贺你！”)。该项目包括为学生提供为期一周的跨学科强化课程，然后是一个为期三天的关于预设住宿的讲习班，来自五个领域的学者齐聚一堂。随后，一个互动网站将提供一个持续不断的虚拟圆桌会议，以便继续就所涉问题进行跨学科交流。其主要目标是促进关于预设和语境依赖的文献的新阶段的发展，包括应用和理论，并通过密集的课程和正在进行的网站活跃跨学科的讨论。预设适应对该项目所涉及的五个领域的语言解释理论具有广泛的影响，因为它涉及许多与一般认知语境效果相同的过程和限制。除了对语言学中的意义理论和对意义本质的哲学讨论的影响外，预设调节还涉及到人类语言能力的心理语言学理论，说明了语言和非语言(一般认知)过程之间的相互作用。对语言如何发挥作用的认识，对于创建旨在系统地解释或产生语境中的语言的软件来说是重要的。我们对这些问题的理解更有可能通过跨学科合作取得新的重大进展。