SGER: Hydrological, Chemical and Microbial Data Related to the Hurricane Katrina Flooding in New Orleans, LA

0553164 wills1 .一笔小额探索性拨款被提议用于开始实地收集和编目新奥尔良地区与卡特里娜飓风有关的水文、水力和水质数据和信息。卡特里娜飓风直接导致新奥尔良洪水泛滥，城市内的防洪堤随后被破坏，造成了一场环境和健康危机，为研究这个自然实验室提供了无与伦比的机会。这个城市的许多地方（工业、住宅、商业等）已经被洪水淹没了好几个星期。有许多问题与城市污染的规模、分布和长期影响有关。在这里，我们试图收集数据，以帮助我们量化水的来源和路线；水和污染物存在的地点和时间；以及随着时间的推移发生了什么（如果有的话）转变。除了在脱水过程中产生的地表沉积物和近地表土壤污染外，污染物还可能进入地下水。我们建议在洪水还存在的时候以及在城市脱水之后去实地收集水位和水质数据。此外，我们建议收集档案数据，并采用最先进的遥感技术和高度精确的地面高程数据，这些数据将提供飓风通过之前、期间和之后的气象、周围湖泊和河流水位以及河道水力。遥感数据将与路易斯安那州立大学地理信息中心（C4G）合作收集，该中心是noaa支持的该州三维定位来源。本探索性研究的目标是：(1)在空间和时间上量化该地区的水文条件；(2)描述和分类水质（化学和微生物）数据；(3)在地理信息系统（GIS）中收集、整理和分类新奥尔良城市流域特征以及潜在的化学和生物污染源。由于他们对该地区的接近和了解，调查人员在进行这项研究方面处于独特的地位；获得执行实地工作所需的支助人员和设备；以及为支持这个项目而设计的研究基础设施。预计可以在大约4至6个月内对数据进行初步分析，并将形成一个数据库、初步报告和一份手稿，详细说明2005年8月新奥尔良洪水发生之前、期间和之后的数据和情况。长期目标将是将这一事件的水文/水力学与化学和微生物特征结合起来，使我们能够在事件发生期间和之后通过物理过程评估潜在毒素的命运和运输。此外，除了提供在事件发生后几个月至关重要的急需信息外，该项目还将有利于后续的科学研究，并将为规划和预测未来的极端事件情景提供见解。

0553164WillsonA small exploratory grant is proposed to begin field collection and cataloging of hydrologic, hydraulic, and water quality data and information of the New Orleans area related to Hurricane Katrina. The flooding in New Orleans, as a direct result of Hurricane Katrina and subsequent breaches in levees within the city, has created an environmental and health crisis in real time providing an unparalleled opportunity to study this natural laboratory. Many parts of the city (industrial, residential, commercial, etc) have beensubmerged in floodwater for weeks. There are many questions related to the magnitude, distribution, and long-term impacts of contamination within the city. Here, we seek to collect data that will help us quantify the sources and routing of the waters; where and for how long the waters and contaminants persisted; and what, if any, transformations occurred over time. In addition to surface sediment and near-surface soil contamination following the de-watering process, there is a potential for contaminants to enter into thegroundwater. We propose to go to the field and collect water level and water quality data while the flood waters are still present as well as after the city has been de-watered. In addition, we propose to collect archival data and employ advanced state of the art remote sensing and the highly accurate ground elevation data that will provide the meteorology, surrounding lake and river water levels, and channel hydraulics before, during and afterthe passing of the Hurricane. The remote sensing data will be collected in collaboration with the LSU Center for GeoInformatics (C4G), the NOAA-supported source of 3-D positioning in the state. The objectives of this proposed exploratory study are to (1) spatially and temporally quantify the hydrologic conditions in the area; (2) characterize and catalog water quality (chemical and microbial) data; and (3) collect, organize, and catalog in a geographic information system (GIS) the New Orleans urban watershed characteristics, as well as potential sources of chemical and biological contamination.The investigators are uniquely positioned to perform this research due to their proximity to and knowledge of the region; access to support personnel and equipment necessary to perform the field effort; and access to the research infrastructure designed to support this project. It is anticipated that initial analysis of the data can be performed in approximately four to six months and will lead to a database, preliminary report and a manuscripts detailing the data and conditions leading up to, during, and following the flooding of New Orleans in August 2005. Long-term goals will be to combine the hydrology/hydraulics of this event with the chemical and microbial characteristics allowing us to assess the fate and transport of potential toxins by physical processes during and after the event. In addition, to providing much needed information that will be crucial in the months following the event, this project will be beneficial for follow-on scientific research studies and will provide insight for planning and predicting future extreme event scenarios.