SGER: Fate and Transport of Sewage-derived Pathogens and Indicators in Association with Severe Storms

0554751 Blanford建议提供一笔小额探索性赠款，开始实地收集和编目与卡特里娜飓风有关的新奥尔良地区的水文、水力和水质数据和信息。新奥尔良的洪水是卡特里娜飓风和随后该市堤坝决口的直接结果，在真实的时间内造成了环境和健康危机，为研究这个天然实验室提供了无与伦比的机会。该市的许多地区（工业区、住宅区、商业区等）已被洪水淹没数周。有许多问题与城市内污染的规模、分布和长期影响有关。在这里，我们试图收集数据，帮助我们量化沃茨的来源和路线;沃茨和污染物在哪里和持续多久;以及随着时间的推移发生了什么变化。除脱水过程后的表层沉积物和近表层土壤污染外，污染物还有可能进入地下水。我们建议在洪水沃茨仍然存在以及城市排水后前往现场收集水位和水质数据。此外，我们建议收集档案数据，并采用先进的遥感技术和高度准确的地面高程数据，这些数据将提供飓风之前、期间和之后的气象、周围湖泊和河流水位以及河道水力学。遥感数据将与路易斯安那州立大学地理信息中心（C4 G）合作收集，该中心是NOAA支持的该州三维定位来源。本探索性研究的目标是：（1）在空间和时间上量化该地区的水文条件;（2）表征和编目水质（化学和微生物）数据;（3）在地理信息系统（GIS）中收集、组织和编目新奥尔良城市流域特征，以及化学和生物污染的潜在来源。 调查人员由于其接近该地区并了解该地区而处于独特的地位，可以进行这项研究;可以获得执行实地工作所需的支持人员和设备;可以获得旨在支持该项目的研究基础设施。预计对数据的初步分析可在大约4至6个月内完成，并将产生一个数据库、初步报告和一份手稿，详细说明2005年8月新奥尔良洪水之前、期间和之后的数据和情况。长期目标将是联合收割机结合这一事件的水文学/水力学与化学和微生物特征，使我们能够评估事件期间和之后物理过程中潜在毒素的命运和运输。此外，该项目还将为后续的科学研究提供必要的信息，并将为规划和预测未来的极端事件情景提供见解。

0554751BlanfordA small exploratory grant is proposed to begin field collection and cataloging of hydrologic, hydraulic, and water quality data and information of the New Orleans area related to Hurricane Katrina. The flooding in New Orleans, as a direct result of Hurricane Katrina and subsequent breaches in levees within the city, has created an environmental and health crisis in real time providing an unparalleled opportunity to study this natural laboratory. Many parts of the city (industrial, residential, commercial, etc) have been submerged in floodwater for weeks. There are many questions related to the magnitude,distribution, and long-term impacts of contamination within the city. Here, we seek to collect data that will help us quantify the sources and routing of the waters; where and for how long the waters and contaminants persisted; and what, if any, transformations occurred over time. In addition to surface sediment and near-surface soil contamination following the de-watering process, there is a potential for contaminants to enter into the groundwater. We propose to go to the field and collect water level and water quality data while the flood waters are still present as well as after the city has been de-watered. Inaddition, we propose to collect archival data and employ advanced state of the art remote sensing and the highly accurate ground elevation data that will provide the meteorology, surrounding lake and river water levels, and channel hydraulics before, during and after the passing of the Hurricane. The remote sensing data will be collected in collaboration with the LSU Center for GeoInformatics (C4G), the NOAA-supported source of 3-D positioning in the state. The objectives of this proposed exploratory study are to (1)spatially and temporally quantify the hydrologic conditions in the area; (2) characterize and catalog water quality (chemical and microbial) data; and (3) collect, organize, and catalog in a geographic information system (GIS) the New Orleans urban watershed characteristics, as well as potential sources of chemical and biological contamination. The investigators are uniquely positioned to perform this research due to their proximity to and knowledge of the region; access to support personnel and equipment necessary toperform the field effort; and access to the research infrastructure designed to support this project. It is anticipated that initial analysis of the data can be performed in approximately four to six months and will lead to a database, preliminary report and a manuscripts detailing the data and conditions leading up to, during, and following the flooding of New Orleans in August 2005. Long-term goals will be to combine the hydrology/hydraulics of this event with the chemical and microbial characteristics allowing us to assess the fate and transport of potential toxins by physical processes during and after the event. In addition, to providing much needed information that will becrucial in the months following the event, this project will be beneficial for follow-on scientific research studies and will provide insight for planning and predicting future extreme event scenarios.