Nuclear Structure, Nuclear Astrophysics and Mesoscopic Physics

核结构、核天体物理学和介观物理学

• 批准号: 0555366
• 负责人: B. Alex Brown
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2008-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0555366&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Structure; Astrophysics; Mesoscopic; Physics

The research proposed encompasses a broad range of topics in nuclear structure theory with applications to nuclear astrophysics and with extensions to other mesoscopic systems. The research projects will have impact on developments in the field of nuclear theory, nuclear astrophysics and the general field of mesoscopic physics. Many of the projects are coupled to the experimental program at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) and with those at other laboratories. Projects are also coupled with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA).In a broader context, successful progress in the program is important for our understanding of the basic constituents of matter and nucleosynthesis in the Universe. The studies of many-body properties, chaos and collectivity in nuclear structure, have a strong interdisciplinary aspect since the nucleus is an exemplary case of a self-sustaining finite Fermi-system with strong interactions. The proposed research is expected to help studies in physics of Bose- and Fermi-condensates, complex molecules, solid state microdevices and quantum computing. The proposal has a considerable educational component being part of the highly ranked nuclear physics program at NSCL/MSU.The proposed research relates to broad questions in science including: What are the limits of nuclear stability?, How did the chemical evolution of the Universe proceed?, What are the ways of self-organization in interacting many-body systems? and How does order coexist with chaos and complexity in mesoscopicsystems? Specific topics include: (i) development of new analytical and computational tools for the description of nuclear structure, especially for the nuclei far from stability; (ii) detailed consideration of specific nuclear phenomena and nuclear processes that shed light on the new features encountered with the experimental advances into virgin territory of unstable nuclei; (iii) calculations and modeling of structural and dynamical aspects of nuclear processes of astrophysical interest; (iv) studies of many-body quantum chaos, its coexistence with collective and regular features in nuclear structure, and properties of the nucleus as a mesoscopic system.

该研究计划涵盖了核结构理论的广泛主题，并应用于核天体物理学，并扩展到其他介观系统。 这些研究项目将对核理论、核天体物理学和介观物理学领域的发展产生影响。其中许多项目与国家超导回旋加速器实验室（NSCL）的实验计划以及其他实验室的实验计划相结合。项目还与核天体物理联合研究所（JINA）相结合。在更广泛的背景下，该计划的成功进展对于我们理解宇宙中物质和核合成的基本成分非常重要。核结构中的多体性质、混沌和集体性的研究具有很强的跨学科性质，因为核是具有强相互作用的自维持有限费米系统的典型例子。 这项研究将有助于玻色和费米凝聚体，复杂分子，固态微器件和量子计算的物理研究。该提案具有相当大的教育组成部分，是NSCL/MSU高级核物理课程的一部分。拟议的研究涉及科学中的广泛问题，包括：核稳定性的极限是什么？，宇宙的化学演化是如何进行的？在相互作用的多体系统中，自组织的方式是什么？以及在介观系统中，秩序如何与混沌和复杂性共存？具体主题包括：㈠开发新的分析和计算工具，用于描述核结构，特别是远不稳定的核; ㈡详细审议具体的核现象和核过程，以揭示在实验上向不稳定核的处女地迈进时遇到的新特点; ㈢计算和模拟具有天体物理意义的核过程的结构和动力学方面;（iv）研究多体量子混沌，它与原子核结构中集体和规则特征的共存，以及原子核作为介观系统的性质。