Identification, cloning and functional characterization of genes related to fire blight resistance in Malus X robusta

海棠抗火疫病相关基因的鉴定、克隆和功能表征

• 批准号: 175019554
• 负责人: Dr. Andreas Peil
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Züchtungsforschung an Obst
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/175019554?language=en
• 关键词: Identification; cloning; functional; characterization; genes

The fire blight disease caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora is currently the major constraint for apple production in several European countries including Germany and Switzerland. An effective control is only possible with antibiotics but the application is particular restricted and not desired. An environmentally sound alternative is the growing of resistant apple cultivars, but available resistant cultivars do not fit the consumer demands. Since the breeding of a new resistant cultivar is very time consuming and nobody can assure that the apple will be accepted by the consumers the use of recombinant DNA-technology for the improvement of accepted cultivars offers the most promising strategy to solve the problem of fire blight by using Malus own genes. Therefore a map based cloning approach will be used to isolate a QTL region, explaining up to 80% of the phenotypic variance, recently detected in the wild species M. X robusta 5 (Mr5). The obtained sequence will be used to identify candidate gene(s), which will then be molecular characterized and tested in transgenic plants. The most promising candidate gene(s) will be finally used to develop a cisgenic fire blight resistant apple plant. Furthermore the identification and characterization of downstream acting genes and proteins of Mr5 differentially expressed after inoculation with wild type and mutant pathogen strains will be analyzed to get more knowledge about the mechanisms of fire blight resistance.

由梨火疫病菌（Erwiniamylovora）引起的火疫病是目前包括德国和瑞士在内的几个欧洲国家苹果生产的主要限制因素。有效的控制只有使用抗生素才是可能的，但是应用受到特别的限制，并且不是期望的。一个无害环境的替代办法是种植抗性苹果品种，但现有的抗性品种不符合消费者的需求。由于培育一个新的抗病品种是非常耗时的，没有人能保证苹果将被消费者接受，使用重组DNA技术来改进接受的品种提供了最有前途的策略，通过使用苹果自己的基因来解决火疫病的问题。因此，基于图的克隆方法将用于分离QTL区域，解释高达80%的表型变异，最近在野生种M中检测到。X robusta 5（Mr5）.所获得的序列将用于鉴定候选基因，然后在转基因植物中对其进行分子表征和测试。最有希望的候选基因将最终用于培育顺基因抗火疫病的苹果植物。此外，还将对Mr5在野生型和突变型病原菌接种后差异表达的下游作用基因和蛋白进行鉴定和分析，为进一步了解Mr5的抗火疫病机制奠定基础。