Collaborative Research: Millennial Scale Arctic Climate Change for the last 3.6 My: Scientific Drilling at Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia

合作研究：过去 3.6 年的千年规模北极气候变化 我的：俄罗斯东北部 Elgygytgyn 湖的科学钻探

• 批准号: 0602435
• 负责人: Jeffrey Snyder
• 金额: $ 12.18万
• 依托单位: Bowling Green State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602435&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Millennial; Scale; Arctic

The sedimentary record of Lake El'gygytgyn, an impact crater in northeastern Siberia, has become a focus for paleoclimatic research and is now considered a high-priority, world-class target for drilling by the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). Sediment cores retrieved from the deepest part of the lake (170 m) in 1998 and 2003 revealed a basal age of ~ 250 and nearly 300 ka, and reproducibly demonstrated the sensitivity of the lake to climatic change across NE Asia at millennial timescales. These cores are the oldest terrestrial Arctic cores yet retrieved. This grant will support acquiring deeper cores in spring 2008 through to bedrock. The cores could potentially yield a record of Arctic climate dating back to over 3 My ago. Seismic measurements show 400 m of sediments overlying the impact breccias. This grant is the U.S. contribution to a multi-national effort to retrieve the cores and carry out subsequent scientific research, joining contributions from the ICDP, the Canadian, German and Russian governments.Intellectual merit: The goal is to collect and interpret the longest time-continuous record of climate change in the terrestrial Arctic and compare this record with those from lower latitude marine and terrestrial sites to better understand hemispheric and global climate change. Coring objectives include 2 replicate overlapping cores at 2 sites near the deepest part of the lake. One additional land-based core on lake sediments now overlain by frozen alluvial sediments will allow a better understanding of sediment supply to the lake. These cores will provide a unique Arctic record capturing the mechanisms and dynamics of glacial/interglacial and millennial-scale change for comparison with other long records from the oceans. This will allow scientists to evaluate and model systemic teleconnections and leads/lags relative to insolation forcing during periods of both 41 ka and 100 ka cycling. This record will provide insight as to whether rapid change events identified during the last glacial cycle are typical of earlier glacial periods. This core will allow us to address questions concerning the evolution and mode of Arctic climate change via the transition from the warm middle Pliocene to the onset of the first major Northern Hemisphere glaciation. The cores will provide a record of the regional sensitivity of the N E Asian Arctic to millennial-scale abrupt change and interglacial warmth detected in the timeframe of the EPICA ice cores, long Asian loess and lake records, and marine records.Broader impacts: This work will help us understand the background of natural variations in Arctic climate so that modern changes can be understood within that context. As this work will occur during the International Polar Year (IPY), the retrieval of a unique Arctic core will be especially timely. International sharing of research builds trust and mutual respect between our nations and individuals, but also between political bodies and institutions in Moscow and the more remote regions of Russia. This proposal will support graduate and undergraduates at 4 U.S. institutions. A large portion of the outreach efforts will be internet-based, incorporating the latest interactive 3D GIS and terrain visualization technology, video, and real-time interactions with educators in the field, all tying this project into the IPY.

El‘gytgyn湖是西伯利亚东北部的一个撞击坑，其沉积记录已成为古气候研究的焦点，现在被国际大陆钻探计划(ICDP)视为高度优先的世界级钻探目标。1998年和2003年从该湖最深处(170m)提取的沉积物岩心显示了约250和近300ka的基本年龄，并重现了该湖在千年时间尺度上对整个东北亚地区气候变化的敏感性。这些岩心是迄今发现的最古老的北极陆地岩心。这笔赠款将支持在2008年春季直至基岩获得更深的岩心。这些岩芯可能会产生可追溯到3000多年前的北极气候记录。地震测量显示，撞击角砾岩上覆盖着400米厚的沉积物。这笔赠款是美国与ICDP、加拿大、德国和俄罗斯政府一起为找回岩芯并开展后续科学研究的多国努力做出的贡献。智力价值：目标是收集和解释北极陆地气候变化的最长时间连续记录，并将这一记录与低纬度海洋和陆地站点的记录进行比较，以更好地了解半球和全球气候变化。取心目标包括在湖最深处附近的两个地点进行两个重复重叠的岩心。另外一个关于湖泊沉积物的陆基岩心现在被冻结的冲积沉积物覆盖，这将使人们能够更好地了解沉积物对湖泊的供应。这些岩芯将提供独特的北极记录，记录冰川/间冰期和千年尺度变化的机制和动态，以便与其他来自海洋的长期记录进行比较。这将使科学家能够评估和模拟41ka和100ka周期期间相对于日照强迫的系统遥相关和领先/滞后。这一记录将提供关于上一次冰川周期中发现的快速变化事件是否是早期冰川时期的典型事件的洞察。这一核心将使我们能够通过从温暖的中上新世过渡到北半球第一次主要冰川的开始来解决有关北极气候变化的演化和模式的问题。这些岩芯将记录亚洲北极东北部地区对EPICA冰芯时间框架中检测到的千年尺度突变和间冰期温暖的区域敏感性，以及长期的亚洲黄土和湖泊记录，以及海洋记录。更广泛的影响：这项工作将有助于我们了解北极气候自然变化的背景，以便在此背景下理解现代变化。由于这项工作将在国际极地年(IPY)期间进行，找回独特的北极核心将特别及时。国际共享研究在我们国家和个人之间建立了信任和相互尊重，也在莫斯科和俄罗斯更偏远地区的政治机构和机构之间建立了信任和相互尊重。这项提案将支持4所美国院校的研究生和本科生。很大一部分外展工作将基于互联网，纳入最新的交互式3D地理信息系统和地形可视化技术、视频以及与实地教育工作者的实时互动，所有这些都将该项目与IPY捆绑在一起。