Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Collective Environmental Performance of Firms in Industrial Clusters: A Spatial Analysis

博士论文研究：产业集群中企业的集体环境绩效：空间分析

• 批准号: 0602658
• 负责人: Michael Lahr
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-15 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0602658&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Collective; Environmental

Agglomerations of industry have been revived as a strategy for planning economic development. Despite the great inroads made during the past 30 plus years regarding environmental concerns, however, the environmental performance of industry agglomerations has not received much attention. Firms apparently sometimes co-locate to take advantage of one another's material and energy resource flows, creating a specific kind of external economy induced by "industrial symbiosis." By turning the potential waste of one firm into the useful inputs of another, industrial symbiosis can improve the collective environmental and economic performance of firms sharing in such relationships. To date, evidence of industrial symbiosis remains limited to a few intensive case studies. Moreover, few fundamental principles have been found that explain how industrial symbiotic behavior was initially generated among the case-study firms. With this in mind, the focus of this research is to investigate the extent to which firms in a selected set of "dirty" industries improve their environmental performance when other firms cluster near them. The study will use quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the collective environmental performance of firms in industrial clusters. Case studies of several so-called "eco-industrial parks" will be undertaken to discover the motivations for their genesis and location. The difference between their environmental performance and less "green" equivalents also will be measured. Information from the case studies will inform statistical analyses of firm-level data. Using spatial analytic techniques, the study will identify industries with an inordinate tendency to cluster near larger "dirty" industrial facilities (e.g., steel mills, cement refractories, oil refineries, chemical plants, power plants). The study also will identify changes in environmental policy that encourage firms to relocate into or out of such anchored clusters. The results of this study are expected to demonstrate that some industrial agglomerations are not only economically important but are also becoming environmentally desirable. Thus, this study's findings will extend the current set of possible sustainable economic development policies. The expected findings therefore may be especially crucial to informing industrial policy in rapidly developing nations, like China and South Korea, where cluster-based initiatives are being applied. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant, this award enables a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

工业集聚作为一种规划经济发展的战略重新得到了重视。尽管在过去的30多年里，在环境问题上取得了很大的进展，但是，产业集聚的环境绩效并没有得到太多的关注。显然，企业有时会在同一地点利用彼此的物质和能源资源流动，创造出一种由“工业共生”引起的特殊的外部经济。“通过将一家公司的潜在废物转化为另一家公司的有用投入，工业共生可以改善分享这种关系的公司的集体环境和经济业绩。迄今为止，工业共生的证据仍然局限于一些深入的案例研究。此外，很少有基本原则已经发现，解释产业共生行为最初是如何产生的案例研究公司。考虑到这一点，本研究的重点是调查在何种程度上，在一组选定的“肮脏”行业的公司改善其环境绩效时，其他公司集群附近。本研究将采用定量和定性的方法来研究产业集群中企业的集体环境绩效。将对几个所谓的“生态工业园区”进行个案研究，以发现其产生和选址的动机。还将衡量其环境绩效与较少“绿色”等同物之间的差异。案例研究的信息将为公司一级数据的统计分析提供信息。利用空间分析技术，该研究将确定有过度倾向于聚集在较大的“肮脏”工业设施附近的行业（例如，米尔斯、水泥耐火材料、炼油厂、化工厂、发电厂）。这项研究还将查明环境政策中鼓励公司迁入或迁出这种固定集群的变化。这项研究的结果可望表明，一些工业聚集区不仅在经济上具有重要意义，而且在环境上也是可取的。因此，这项研究的结果将扩大目前一套可能的可持续经济发展政策。因此，预期的研究结果对于为中国和韩国等正在采用集群举措的快速发展中国家的产业政策提供信息可能尤为重要。作为博士论文研究改进补助金，该奖项使有前途的学生能够建立强大的独立研究生涯。