Bioenergetics in 'Natronanaerobium alkalithermophilum' JW/NM-L6, a member of the anaerobic halo-alkalithermophiles, a novel group of triple extremophiles

“Natronanaerobiumalkalithermophilum”JW/NM-L6 的生物能学，它是厌氧卤碱嗜热菌的成员，是一组新的三重极端微生物

• 批准号: 0604224
• 负责人: Juergen Wiegel
• 金额: $ 9.69万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0604224&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Bioenergetics; Natronanaerobium; alkalithermophilum; JW; NM

The goal of this project is to elucidate how a recently isolated novel bacterium, 'Natronanaerobium alkalithermophilum' strain JW/NM-L6 is able to grow under combined triple extreme conditions: temperature above 50 degrees centigrade, pH above 8.5, and salt concentrations in excess of 1.5 M (or 10%, wt/vol, NaCl). These extreme growth conditions are found in natural environments such as sunheated or geothermally heated alkaline salt lakes as well as in man-made environments (e.g., salterns, industrial waste streams). Previously it was assumed that microorganisms could not grow under such conditions. Physiological adaptations to the combined extreme growth conditions are difficult to explain with the common bioenergetic models. In addition, known adaptive mechanisms for individual extremes, i.e. high pH, salt or temperature alone, contradict and do not explain the existence of this halophilic alkalithermophile. Since this bacterium grows under a wide range of temperatures, pH values and salt concentration, various physiological processes, including the pH gradient across the cell membrane and intracellular solute composition will be measured when grown under various combinations of extremes to identify the unique properties which enable this bacterium to live under such extreme conditions. The results of this project will extend the present understanding of the boundaries under which life can thrive and thus will have a broader impact on several disciplines. The results will provide a novel model for the study of adaptive mechanisms to extreme environmental conditions and thus is of interest to scientists in the fields of biochemistry, microbiology, biogeochemistry, ecology, genetics, and various areas of biotechnology. This project will also involve collaboration between U.S., New Zealand and Egyptian researchers, and will include training for a female graduate student.

该项目的目标是阐明最近分离的新型细菌“嗜碱厌氧钠菌”菌株JW/NM-L 6如何能够在三重极端条件下生长：温度高于50摄氏度，pH值高于8.5，盐浓度超过1.5 M（或10%，wt/vol，NaCl）。这些极端的生长条件存在于自然环境中，例如太阳加热或地热加热的碱性盐湖以及人造环境（例如，盐、工业废物流）。以前人们认为微生物在这种条件下不能生长。生理适应相结合的极端生长条件是很难解释与常见的生物能模型。 此外，已知的适应机制，个别极端，即高pH值，盐或温度单独，矛盾，并不能解释这种嗜盐嗜碱菌的存在。由于这种细菌在宽范围的温度、pH值和盐浓度下生长，因此当在各种极端条件的组合下生长时，将测量各种生理过程，包括跨细胞膜的pH梯度和细胞内溶质组成，以鉴定使这种细菌能够在这种极端条件下生存的独特性质。这个项目的结果将扩展目前对生命可以茁壮成长的边界的理解，从而对几个学科产生更广泛的影响。这些结果将为研究极端环境条件下的适应机制提供一个新的模型，因此生物化学，微生物学，生物化学，生态学，遗传学和生物技术各个领域的科学家都感兴趣。 该项目还将涉及美国、新西兰和埃及的研究人员，并将包括培训一名女研究生。