Astrophysics of Single and Binary Star Formation

单星和双星形成的天体物理学

• 批准号: 0607612
• 负责人: Michal Simon
• 金额: $ 33.95万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-15 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0607612&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Astrophysics; Single; Binary; Star; Formation

The dynamical determination of the masses of young stars and brown dwarfs will becontinued through an extensive observational program using a variety of tools andtechniques. The work is motivated by substantial uncertainties in theoretical massrelations for substellar masses, the lack of empirical calibrations (temperature,luminosity, etc.) for very low mass/young stars, and uncertainties the distribution of massratios in clusters. The goal is to obtain dynamical masses to within 10% for stars of mass1 to 0.5 that of the Sun, and to within 20% for those of even less mass. Four specificprojects will be undertaken: 1) The orbits of young visual binaries, including low masspre-main sequence stars, will be improved using Keck and Gemini Observatory laserguidestar Adaptive Optics systems and Hubble Space telescope Fine Guidance Sensorobservations. 2) The mass ratio distribution in the Hyades will be explored using theInfrared Telescope Facility and the Cryogenic Echelle Spectrograph to observespectroscopic binaries. 3) Masses of two pre-main sequence stars will be improved byobserving the rotation of circumstellar disks in the 13CO line where the ambient cloudbrightness should be lower (extended emission from the cloud was a source ofuncertainty in previous 12CO measurements). 4) The dynamical masses of brown dwarfswill be determined from observations of brown dwarf binaries, which will be used to testtheoretical mass-luminosity relations.This work will directly support the training of graduate students in contemporaryinstrumentation and collaborative investigations. Both students in the NSF supportedResearch Experiences for Undergraduates program at Stony Brook and Stony Brookundergraduates will also participate through independent research projects. Results of thework will be disseminated to the public through an ongoing monthly "Open Nights inAstronomy" program and talks to local amateur astronomy groups.

对年轻恒星和褐矮星质量的动力学测定将通过使用各种工具和技术的广泛观测计划继续进行。这项工作的动机是由于恒星质量的理论质量关系存在很大的不确定性，对于非常低质量/年轻的恒星缺乏经验校准（温度，光度等），以及星团中质量比分布的不确定性。目标是将质量为太阳1到0.5倍的恒星的动态质量控制在10%以内，质量更小的恒星的动态质量控制在20%以内。具体项目包括四个方面：1)利用凯克和双子座天文台的激光导星自适应光学系统和哈勃空间望远镜的精细制导传感器观测，改进包括低质量主序星在内的年轻可见双星的轨道；2)利用红外望远镜设施和低温梯队光谱仪观测双星，探索毕宿星团的质量比分布。3)通过观察13CO线周围云亮度较低的星周盘的旋转，两颗主序前恒星的质量将得到改善（云的延伸发射是以前12CO测量的不确定性来源）。4)褐矮星的动态质量将通过对褐矮星双星的观测来确定，这将用于测试理论上的质量-光度关系。这项工作将直接支持当代仪器和合作研究研究生的培训。参加国家科学基金会支持的石溪大学本科生研究经历项目的学生和石溪大学本科生也将通过独立的研究项目参与。这项工作的结果将通过正在进行的每月“天文开放之夜”计划和与当地业余天文团体的谈话向公众传播。