Quasi-Block Modeling of Walker Lane Tectonic Deformation, Using Geodetic and Geologic Data to Constrain System Complexity and Time-Variable Behavior

Walker Lane 构造变形的准块建模，使用大地测量和地质数据来约束系统复杂性和时变行为

• 批准号: 0610031
• 负责人: William Hammond
• 金额: $ 23.68万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0610031&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quasi; Block; Modeling; Walker; Lane

Deformation within the Walker Lane and Eastern California shear zone in Nevada and California (western Basin and Range) accommodates a portion of the relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. The system-wide geodetically (GPS) inferred crustal deformation rate in the northern Walker Lane is 2 to 3 times greater than the rate inferred from geologic data such as fault slip rates. Understanding the reasons behind this discrepancy is central to fully integrating these complementary constraints on continental deformation, and to rigorously identifying time-variable behavior over geologic time. In order to understand this discrepancy, this research team is developing a quantitative methodology that rigorously integrates the geodetic and geologic constraints on tectonic deformation. New GPS data are being collected in areas that lack coverage. The new and existing geodetic data will be combined with geologic constraints on fault geometry, slip rates, and paleomagnetic rotations using a block modeling quantitative framework. When geodetic and geologic data are in significant conflict - when slip rates for a single fault have different geologic and geodetic estimates - the kinematic self-consistency of the block modeling quantitative framework will be used to place constraints on how deformation patterns have changed over time.Slow tectonic deformation of continental interiors results in sudden slip of faults (i.e. earthquakes) after long periods of interseismic strain accumulation. Precise measurement of these motions, before, during, and after earthquakes is essential for understanding the causes and controls of earthquake occurrence. By combining measurements of the location, rate, and direction of the change in shape of the land's surface between earthquakes with computer modeling that rigorously integrates geologic and geodetic data, understanding of which faults are the most likely to slip in sudden potentially damaging earthquakes in the growing Reno/Carson/Tahoe metropolitan areas can be improved.

内华达州和加利福尼亚州（西部盆地和山脉）沃克巷和东加利福尼亚剪切带内的变形容纳了太平洋板块和北美板块之间的部分相对运动。通过全系统大地测量 (GPS) 推断出的 Walker Lane 北部的地壳变形率比根据断层滑移率等地质数据推断出的地壳变形率大 2 至 3 倍。了解这种差异背后的原因对于充分整合这些对大陆变形的互补约束以及严格识别地质时期的时变行为至关重要。为了理解这种差异，该研究小组正在开发一种定量方法，严格整合大地测量和地质对构造变形的约束。正在缺乏覆盖的区域收集新的 GPS 数据。新的和现有的大地测量数据将使用块建模定量框架与断层几何形状、滑移率和古地磁旋转的地质约束相结合。当大地测量和地质数据发生重大冲突时——当单个断层的滑动速率具有不同的地质和大地测量估计时——块体建模定量框架的运动学自洽性将用于对变形模式如何随时间变化施加约束。大陆内部的缓慢构造变形会导致断层在长时间的震间应变积累后突然滑动（即地震）。地震前、地震中和地震后这些运动的精确测量对于了解地震发生的原因和控制至关重要。通过将两次地震之间地表形状变化的位置、速率和方向的测量与严格整合地质和大地测量数据的计算机建模相结合，可以更好地了解在不断发展的里诺/卡森/塔霍大都市地区，哪些断层最有可能在突发的潜在破坏性地震中滑动。