Quasi-Block Modeling of Walker Lane Tectonic Deformation, Using Geodetic and Geologic Data to Constrain System Complexity and Time-Variable Behavior

内华达州和加州（盆地和山脉西部）的步行者巷和东加州剪切带内的变形可容纳太平洋和北美板块之间的部分相对运动。在北方步行者巷，全系统大地测量（GPS）推断的地壳变形速率比从地质数据（如断层滑动速率）推断的速率大2至3倍。理解这种差异背后的原因是完全整合这些互补的大陆变形约束，并严格识别地质时期的时变行为的核心。为了理解这种差异，该研究小组正在开发一种定量方法，该方法严格整合了大地测量和地质对构造变形的限制。正在缺乏覆盖的地区收集新的全球定位系统数据。新的和现有的大地测量数据将结合地质约束断层几何形状，滑动速率和古地磁旋转使用块建模定量框架。当大地测量数据和地质数据存在重大冲突时--当单一断层的滑动速率具有不同的地质和大地测量估计值时--块体建模定量框架的运动学自洽性将被用于限制变形模式如何随时间变化。大陆内部的缓慢构造变形导致断层的突然滑动（即地震）经过长期的地震间应变积累。在地震前、中、后精确测量这些运动对于理解地震发生的原因和控制是必不可少的。通过将地震之间地表形状变化的位置、速率和方向的测量与严格整合地质和大地测量数据的计算机建模相结合，可以提高对在不断增长的里诺/卡森/塔霍大都市区中，哪些断层最有可能在突然的潜在破坏性地震中滑动的理解。

Deformation within the Walker Lane and Eastern California shear zone in Nevada and California (western Basin and Range) accommodates a portion of the relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. The system-wide geodetically (GPS) inferred crustal deformation rate in the northern Walker Lane is 2 to 3 times greater than the rate inferred from geologic data such as fault slip rates. Understanding the reasons behind this discrepancy is central to fully integrating these complementary constraints on continental deformation, and to rigorously identifying time-variable behavior over geologic time. In order to understand this discrepancy, this research team is developing a quantitative methodology that rigorously integrates the geodetic and geologic constraints on tectonic deformation. New GPS data are being collected in areas that lack coverage. The new and existing geodetic data will be combined with geologic constraints on fault geometry, slip rates, and paleomagnetic rotations using a block modeling quantitative framework. When geodetic and geologic data are in significant conflict - when slip rates for a single fault have different geologic and geodetic estimates - the kinematic self-consistency of the block modeling quantitative framework will be used to place constraints on how deformation patterns have changed over time.Slow tectonic deformation of continental interiors results in sudden slip of faults (i.e. earthquakes) after long periods of interseismic strain accumulation. Precise measurement of these motions, before, during, and after earthquakes is essential for understanding the causes and controls of earthquake occurrence. By combining measurements of the location, rate, and direction of the change in shape of the land's surface between earthquakes with computer modeling that rigorously integrates geologic and geodetic data, understanding of which faults are the most likely to slip in sudden potentially damaging earthquakes in the growing Reno/Carson/Tahoe metropolitan areas can be improved.