Extension and Volcanism During Propagation of the Northwest Basin and Range into Southeastern Oregon

西北盆地和山脉向俄勒冈州东南部传播过程中的伸展和火山活动

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0610064
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The spectacular corrugated landscape known as the Basin and Range Province in western North America is the product of extension of the North American Plate largely between the Colorado Plateau and the Sierra Nevada. Normal faults drop valley bottoms (the 'basins') relative to adjacent mountain peaks (the 'ranges'). A major goal of this proposal addresses the question: when did this spectacular region become a part of the North American landscape? In Nevada at approximately 39 degrees North, the province grew about 100 kilometers incrementally westward in width in three main increments, at 26 to 22 million years ago, approximately 15 to 14 million years ago, and 10 to 3 million years ago. The Walker Lane, a broad zone of strike-slip and oblique-slip faulting that lies along the western boundary of the Basin and Range Province, initiated after 26 million years ago and apparently propagated northward approaching the southern Cascade Range at 41 degrees North after 9 million years ago. Whereas the growth of the Basin and Range in east-west and north-south directions is relatively well known in Nevada, few data constrain when Basin and Range-style faulting "arrived" in Oregon. Grunder and Meigs are conducting a 3-year investigation into two key questions--When did the Basin and Range form in southeastern Oregon? And, what factors limited how far into Oregon it grew? They are able to answer these questions because the development of the basins and ranges was both preceded and accompanied by volcanic activity. Volcanic rocks are central to resolving the questions because they are easily dated using conventional isotopic dating techniques. The essential observation of this study is the relationship between Basin and Range normal faults and volcanic rocks. Timing of the initiation of extension at a given place can be identified, for example, depending on whether faults can be shown to be older, younger, or coeval with emplacement of a given volcanic unit. With these constraints, the investigators are able to determine when the Basin and Range propagated into southern Oregon, at what rate that expansion occurred, at what rate individual faults have grown, and whether the normal faulting was controlled by the pattern of volcanism or, conversely, whether the faults controlled where volcanism occurred. These data contribute to the ongoing debate about the role of volcanism in the development of Basin and Range-type provinces around the world. Moreover, they provide a new perspective on the rate of faulting, which helps constrain the seismic hazard posed by normal faults to the population centers of southeastern Oregon (including Klamath Falls, Lakeview, and Bend). Additional societal benefits include the training of graduate and undergraduate students at Oregon State University, broadening of participation of underrepresented groups in science, and integration of research results with ongoing geophysical studies in the Basin-Range, including EarthScope.
北美西部被称为盆地省和山脉省的壮观的波纹状地貌是北美板块主要在科罗拉多高原和内华达山脉之间延伸的产物。 正常断层相对于邻近的山峰(“山脉”)而言,谷底(“盆地”)下降。该提案的一个主要目标解决了这个问题:这个壮观的地区何时成为北美景观的一部分?在内华达州北纬约 39 度处,该省的宽度向西增量约 100 公里,分三个主要增量,即 26 至 2200 万年前、约 15 至 1400 万年前和 10 至 300 万年前。 沃克巷 (Walker Lane) 是沿着盆地山脉省西部边界的一个广阔的走滑和斜滑断层带,始于 2600 万年前,并在 900 万年前明显向北传播,接近北纬 41 度的喀斯喀特山脉南部。 虽然盆地和山脉在东西和南北方向上的生长在内华达州相对众所周知,但很少有数据表明盆地和山脉式断层何时“到达”俄勒冈州。 格伦德和梅格斯正在对两个关键问题进行为期三年的调查——俄勒冈州东南部盆地和山脉何时形成?还有,哪些因素限制了它向俄勒冈州的发展程度? 他们能够回答这些问题,因为盆地和山脉的发展既先于火山活动,又伴随着火山活动。 火山岩是解决这些问题的核心,因为使用传统的同位素测年技术可以轻松测定火山岩的年代。 本研究的主要观察内容是盆山正断层与火山岩之间的关系。 例如,可以根据断层是否可以显示为更古老、更年轻或与给定火山单元的就位同时期来确定在给定地点开始延伸的时间。 有了这些限制,研究人员就能够确定盆地和山脉何时传播到俄勒冈州南部、扩张发生的速度、单个断层增长的速度,以及正常断层是否受火山活动模式控制,或者相反,断层是否控制火山活动发生的位置。 这些数据引发了关于火山活动在世界各地盆地和山脉类型省份发展中的作用的持续争论。 此外,它们提供了关于断层发生率的新视角,这有助于限制正断层对俄勒冈州东南部人口中心(包括克拉马斯福尔斯、莱克维尤和本德)造成的地震危害。其他社会效益包括培训俄勒冈州立大学的研究生和本科生、扩大代表性不足的群体对科学的参与,以及将研究成果与盆地范围正在进行的地球物理研究(包括 EarthScope)相结合。

项目成果

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Anita Grunder其他文献

Anita Grunder的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Anita Grunder', 18)}}的其他基金

4-D Reconstruction of Magmatism at a long-lived Andesite Locus: Goat Rocks Volcanic Complex, Cascade Arc
长寿安山岩区域岩浆作用的 4 维重建:山羊岩火山群、喀斯喀特弧
  • 批准号:
    1939347
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Crustal Modulation of Flood Basalts--Integrating Field, Geochemical and Computational Data for the Steens Basalts
合作研究:溢流玄武岩的地壳调制——整合斯廷斯玄武岩的现场、地球化学和计算数据
  • 批准号:
    1427716
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Volcanic Probe of Batholith Assembly and Maturation: Age and Source of Crystal Cargo in the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, Central Andes
岩基组装和成熟的火山探针:安第斯山脉中部奥坎基尔恰火山群中水晶货物的年龄和来源
  • 批准号:
    0711480
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Proposal: Understanding the Causes of Continental Intraplate Tectonomagmatism: A Case Study in the Pacific Northwest
合作提案:了解大陆板内构造岩浆作用的原因:太平洋西北地区的案例研究
  • 批准号:
    0506869
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Proposal: North Sister Volcano: A Window into Deep Crustal Processes in a Mafic Arc
合作提案:北姐妹火山:了解镁铁质弧深层地壳过程的窗口
  • 批准号:
    0230359
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Mass and Heat Flux From Miocene to Present at Aucanqvilcha Volcano, Andes of Northern Chile
智利北部安第斯山脉 Aucanqvilcha 火山中新世至今的质量和热通量
  • 批准号:
    9814941
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Origin of Basaltic Magmatism in the Tectonically Enigmatic High Lava Plains of Southeastern Oregon
俄勒冈州东南部构造神秘的高熔岩平原玄武岩岩浆作用的起源
  • 批准号:
    9725166
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Late Tertiary Silicic Volcanism in Eastern Oregon: Mirror Image to the Yellowstone Hotspot Trend
合作研究:俄勒冈州东部晚第三纪硅质火山活动:黄石热点趋势的镜像
  • 批准号:
    9220500
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Aspects of Tertiary Volcanism in the Basin & Range: Thermal Modeling of Magmetism in Eastern Nevada and IsotopicAnalysis of Rhyolites in Southeastern Oregon (Earth Scie
盆地第三纪火山活动的各个方面
  • 批准号:
    9353106
  • 财政年份:
    1993
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Middle Tertiary Magmatism in East Central Nevada
内华达州中东部的中第三纪岩浆作用
  • 批准号:
    9018665
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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