Network Dynamics in an Emerging Democracy

新兴民主国家的网络动态

• 批准号: 0616802
• 负责人: David Stark
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0616802&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Network; Dynamics; Emerging; Democracy

Ses-0616802PI:David Stark Co PI: Balazs Vedres Institution: Columbia UniversityThis project analyzes the interactions of firms and parties across an entire epoch of economic and political transformation from 1987 to 2006 in a case where market-oriented enterprises and competitive political parties emerged in tandem. The case involves the simultaneous transformation of political and economic fields, the separation of state from economy and a possible re-politicization of the economic field. In examining newly market-oriented firms and newly competitive political parties, a key question arises: What is the relationship between business networks and political ties? By collecting data on political business groups from the first moment of network formation, the project will test rival hypotheses from political sociology and political science about the causal relations and timing of business ties and political affiliations. The case provides an opportunity to study how the dynamics of network evolution at the national level are shaped additionally by transnational processes, both economic and political. From a relatively closed economy, Hungary is now integrated into the European Union and has one of the most open economies in the world, with unprecedented levels of foreign direct investment. Does massive foreign investment lead to the break up of business groups? Does a shift in the locus of regulatory policy lead to a shift away from national parties? To study the formation and dynamics of political business groups, the investigators will construct an unprecedented dataset that includes: every senior manager and all of the members of the boards of directors of the largest 2,200 enterprises in the country for the entire twenty-year and every elected politician, with party affiliations of each officeholder. For the years prior to free elections, the political dataset will include members of the Communist Party's Politburo and Central Committee, as well as government ministers and deputies. The PIs will merge the lists of economic and political officeholders, for any given enterprise in any given month, and identify whether that company had an economic officeholder who was also a current or former political officeholder affiliated with a particular political party. To identify processes of the co-evolution of business networks and political affiliations, the investigators develop innovative methods of social sequence analysis and dynamic cohesion analysis. Intellectual Merit. This is the first comprehensive study of modern political business groups that examines network dynamics from the first moments of network formation while encompassing an entire epoch of economic transformation and political regime change. This unprecedented dataset makes it possible to test rival hypotheses about the dynamics of political business groups using innovative methods of quantitative historical sociology. Broad Impact. This study of the relationship between newly market-oriented firms and newly competitive political parties will yield insights about democratization and economic development. The analysis of the dynamics of political business groups in a context of massive foreign investment and supranational integration into the EU will be of interest to policy analysts in emerging democracies, in U.S. government agencies, and international institutions such as the World Bank.

SES-0616802PI：David Stark Co PI：Balazs Vedres Institution：哥伦比亚大学这个项目分析了在以市场为导向的企业和竞争性政党相继出现的情况下，从1987年到2006年整个经济和政治转型时期公司和政党的互动。该案涉及政治和经济领域的同时转变、国家与经济的分离以及经济领域可能的重新政治化。在考察以市场为导向的新公司和新竞争的政党时，一个关键问题出现了：商业网络和政治联系之间的关系是什么？通过从网络形成的第一个瞬间收集政治商业团体的数据，该项目将检验政治社会学和政治学关于商业联系和政治背景之间的因果关系和时机的相互竞争的假说。该案例提供了一个机会来研究国家一级的网络演变动态是如何被经济和政治的跨国进程塑造的。匈牙利从一个相对封闭的经济体，现在融入了欧盟，拥有世界上最开放的经济体之一，外国直接投资达到前所未有的水平。大规模的外国投资会导致商业集团的解体吗？监管政策重心的转移是否会导致对全国性政党的转向？为了研究政商集团的形成和动态，调查人员将构建一个史无前例的数据集，其中包括：全国最大的2200家企业的每一位高级管理人员和董事会全体成员，以及每一位当选的政治家，以及每一位官员的政党背景。在自由选举之前的几年里，政治数据集将包括中共中央政治局委员和中央委员会委员，以及政府部长和代表。PIS将合并任何给定企业在任何给定月份的经济和政治官员名单，并确定该公司是否有经济官员也是与特定政党有关联的现任或前任政治官员。为了识别商业网络和政治派系的共同进化过程，研究人员开发了社会序列分析和动态凝聚力分析的创新方法。智力上的功绩。这是对现代政治商业集团的首次全面研究，从网络形成的第一个时刻开始考察网络动态，同时涵盖整个经济转型和政治政权更迭的时代。这一史无前例的数据集使人们有可能使用定量历史社会学的创新方法来检验有关政治商业集团动态的相互竞争的假说。广泛的影响。这种对新市场导向型企业和新竞争政党之间关系的研究将对民主化和经济发展产生深刻的影响。在大规模外国投资和超国家融入欧盟的背景下，对政治商业集团动态的分析将引起新兴民主国家、美国政府机构和世界银行等国际机构的政策分析师的兴趣。