Dissertation Research Awards: The Science of Defining Populations: Disease, Diagnostics, and the Administration of the Social Body in the United States

论文研究奖：定义人口的科学：美国的疾病、诊断和社会团体的管理

• 批准号: 0620699
• 负责人: Veena Das
• 金额: $ 0.23万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0620699&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Awards; Science; Defining

The principal objective of this Science and Society Dissertation Improvement Grant is to support research examining how the scientific management of disease produced ideas about populations, more specifically the poor, during the twentieth century. The focus is upon diagnostic and therapeutic changes in the management of venereal disease (sexually transmitted diseases, as the category would later become). In the case of venerealdisease, scientific knowledge and existing social and moral attitudes towards contagion and poverty came together through novel uses of quantification, defining scientifically discrete populations. The research strategy is to trace the production of knowledge (both social and scientific) about such populations between laboratory science, clinical medicine, and public administration within the context of Baltimore, Maryland. By following these transformations in one locale, the research will provide a nuanced picture of how forms of treatment and surveillance in turn become incorporated into public life. The project considers how such notions entered medical and scientific discourse around venereal and other types of infectious diseases, most notably those characterized by poverty, race, and sexuality, after the rise of more effective diagnostics and therapeutics. The major product of this research will be a dissertation manuscript combining historical and ethnographic approaches, contributing to an understanding of the role of medical science in the shaping social difference and instrumentalizing moral dimensions of disease and illness. The research will draw from science studies, medical and social anthropology, and the history of science and medicine. The objective of the proposed research is to offer a historically informed look at how knowledge about populations, particularly the poor and disadvantaged, is produced at the intersection of science, medicine, and public life. Despite the close connection to the fields of medicine and public health, this project is uniquely suited for support from the Science and Society Program because of its critical attention to the way scientific objects and methods arebounded by social and societal norms. This research will contribute substantially to knowledge at the intersection of science and society by documenting how ideas about populations are produced in relation to scientific progress. The broader impacts of this project will include: demonstrating new forms of appraisal of medical and public health practices; opening a dialogue between clinicians, administrators, and researchers concerning established notions about populations characterized by disadvantage and risk; and incorporating historically informed analyses into research practice and policy decisions.

这项科学与社会论文改进补助金的主要目标是支持研究疾病的科学管理如何产生关于人口的想法，更具体地说，在世纪的穷人。重点是在性病（性传播疾病，这一类别后来成为）的管理方面的诊断和治疗变化。以性病为例，科学知识和现有的社会和道德对传染病和贫困的态度通过量化的新用途结合在一起，科学地定义离散的人群。研究策略是追踪马里兰州的巴尔的摩的实验室科学、临床医学和公共管理之间关于这些人群的知识（社会和科学）的产生。通过在一个地方跟踪这些转变，研究将提供一个微妙的画面，说明治疗和监视的形式如何反过来融入公共生活。该项目考虑了在更有效的诊断和治疗方法兴起之后，这些概念如何进入围绕性病和其他类型传染病的医学和科学话语，最明显的是那些以贫困，种族和性为特征的疾病。本研究的主要成果将是一份结合历史和人种学方法的论文手稿，有助于理解医学在塑造社会差异和利用疾病和疾病的道德维度方面的作用。这项研究将借鉴科学研究，医学和社会人类学，以及科学和医学的历史。拟议研究的目的是提供一个历史上知情的看看有关人口的知识，特别是穷人和弱势群体，是如何产生在科学，医学和公共生活的交叉点。尽管该项目与医学和公共卫生领域有着密切的联系，但由于其对科学对象和方法受社会和社会规范约束的方式的关键关注，该项目特别适合于科学与社会计划的支持。这项研究将通过记录科学进步如何产生关于人口的想法，为科学与社会交叉点的知识做出重大贡献。这个项目的更广泛的影响将包括：展示新形式的医疗和公共卫生实践的评估;打开临床医生，管理人员和研究人员之间的对话，关于人口的特点是劣势和风险的既定概念;并将历史上知情的分析纳入研究实践和政策决定。