Doctoral Dissertation Research: Maintaining Social Relationships through Periods of Protracted Insecurity in Refugee Communities

强迫移民造成的全球流离失所目前处于历史最高水平。其中许多难民经历了数十年的暴力和不安全感，使得维持关系变得困难。研究人员已经证实，牢固的社区、亲属和网络关系对于社会和政治稳定至关重要。该项目对研究生进行实证、科学数据收集和分析方法的培训，探讨如何在长期不稳定的时期维持这些关系。调查结果将分发给管理和制定难民安置相关政策的组织。该研究还促进了国际科学合作，并扩大了科学领域代表性不足的群体的参与。玛丽亚姆·巴纳西（Mariam Banahi）在约翰·霍普金斯大学的维娜·达斯（Veena Das）博士的监督下，将探讨在面对长期不安全和危机时期如何构想亲属关系和维持情感关系。该研究将在欧洲最大的阿富汗社区所在地德国汉堡进行，并将采用人类学数据收集工具，例如参与者观察、结构化和半结构化访谈、非正式、开放式对话、预算调查、家谱图表和家庭预算。尽管移民和难民研究包括世界上最大的难民群体之一，但他们在很大程度上忽视了阿富汗人和阿富汗人。此外，阿富汗的亲属网络概念将关联性视为包容性的，并且超越了与更大的民族语言、部落、宗教和民族社区的直接血缘关系。通过调查阿富汗人在冲突、损失和死亡的情况下建立关系的做法和劳动，这项研究将有助于关于暴力和长期不安全影响家庭的理论。此外，通过关注阿富汗家庭，这项研究将探索冲突经常被忽视的后果，以调查德国的难民亲属关系和穆斯林社区。最后，这项研究将通过教学和出版物激发人们对阿富汗学术研究的更大兴趣，并鼓励与移民社区合作的不同行为者之间的合作伙伴关系。

Global displacement due to forced migration is currently at historically high levels. Many of those refugees have experienced decades of violence and insecurity, making it difficult to maintain relationships. Researchers have established that strong community, kin, and network relations are essential to social and political stability. This project, which trains a graduate student in methods of empirical, scientific data collection and analysis, explores how these relationships are maintained during extended periods of precarity. Findings will be disseminated to organizations that manage and develop policy related to refugee resettlement. The research also fosters international scientific cooperation, and broadens the participation of an underrepresented group in the sciences.Mariam Banahi, under the supervision of Dr. Veena Das of The Johns Hopkins University, will explore how kinship is conceived and affective relationships are maintained in the face of both protracted insecurity and periods of crisis. The research will be conducted in Hamburg, Germany, home to the largest Afghan community in Europe, and will employ anthropological tools of data collection, such as participant-observation, structured and semi-structured interviews, informal, open-ended conversations, budget surveys, genealogical charts, and household budgets. Though comprising one of the largest refugee groups worldwide, migration and refugee studies have largely ignored Afghans and Afghanistan. Also, Afghan conceptions of kin networks conceive of relatedness as both inclusive and beyond immediate blood relationships to larger ethno-linguistic, tribal, religious, and national communities. By investigating the practices and labors through which Afghans forge relations in spite of conflict, loss, and death, this research will contribute to theories on violence and chronic insecurity as they affect the families. Moreover, by attending to the Afghan family, this research will explore the often elided consequences of conflict to investigate refugee kinship and Muslim communities in Germany. Lastly, this research will foster greater interest in the academic study of Afghanistan through teaching and publications, as well as encourage collaborative partnerships between diverse actors engaged with emigrant communities.