Dissertation Research: Open Source Advocacy in Peru: Open Technologies, Economic Development and Political Reform in the Digital Age

论文研究：秘鲁的开源倡导：数字时代的开放技术、经济发展和政治改革

• 批准号: 0621047
• 负责人: Sherry Turkle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-15 至 2007-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0621047&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Open; Source; Advocacy

This Dissertation Improvement Grant in the Social Studies of Science examines the ambivalent hopes, desires, and promises that surround Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) advocacy in the developing world. A growing feature in the policies surrounding information technology and economic development in many developing nations, FLOSS has become a crucial site where contests over the meaning of economic modernization, political responsibility, legal property, and liberal citizenship are being negotiated. The rapid growth of FLOSS around the world involves a confluence of forces that are both global and local in dimension, involving diverse actors from the realms of government, the private sector, civil society, and citizen groups. NSF funds will support an ethnographic study of the FLOSS advocacy networks in Peru, which combines the collection of oral histories with intensive archival work and participant observation of various social groups who position themselves around FLOSS as advocates in Peru, including government representatives, NGO workers, and members of local and international networks of FLOSS users. The project examines how FLOSS organizes the relationships between and diverse expertises of these actors, and what new relationships come to emerge between these groups as a result of their activity as FLOSS advocates. In addition, it will analyze what strategies are employed to enroll political and technical allies, and how these practices of knowledge exchange build new understandings of national development policies. The project's thesis is that in advocating for free software technologies, these diverse networks of FLOSS programmers, users, civil society groups, government actors, and business representatives simultaneously advance multiple, competing understandings of government, citizenship and the uses of information technologies within global information societies. In this sense, FLOSS in the new millennium can be read as a crucial site where notions of economic modernization, political responsibility, legal property, and liberal citizenship are being reformulated. Drawing a new focus on the uses and impacts of emergent information technologies inthe developing world, this research will make valuable contributions to several fields of study. Firstly, it will yield new theoretical insights into legal studies, which has examined how economic development plans, including new e-development plans, reframe both material and nonmaterial property as new, valuable resources for development. Secondly, it will contribute to new debates in the social studies of technology, where research on the processes of networks of knowledge and technological production has developed. And lastly, it will expand on current research in the field of social movement studies that has investigated both the adoption of networked information technologies as organizing tools and networks as new organizational forms for collective actors.

科学社会研究中的这篇论文改进补助金研究了发展中国家围绕自由/自由和开源软件（FLOSS）倡导的矛盾希望，愿望和承诺。在许多发展中国家围绕信息技术和经济发展的政策中，FLOSS越来越成为一个重要的特征，它已经成为一个关键的场所，在这里，人们正在就经济现代化、政治责任、法律的财产和自由公民的意义进行谈判。世界各地的快速增长的FLOSS涉及到全球和地方层面的力量的汇合，涉及来自政府，私营部门，民间社会和公民团体领域的不同行为者。国家科学基金的资金将支助对秘鲁的开放源码软件宣传网络进行人种学研究，这项研究将收集口述历史与密集的档案工作结合起来，并参与观察在秘鲁以开放源码软件宣传者身份出现的各种社会群体，包括政府代表、非政府组织工作人员以及开放源码软件用户的地方和国际网络成员。该项目研究如何组织之间的关系和不同的专业知识，这些行为者，以及什么新的关系来出现在这些群体之间的活动，作为他们的活动的结果，作为FLOSS的倡导者。此外，它将分析采用什么策略来招募政治和技术盟友，以及这些知识交流的做法如何建立对国家发展政策的新理解。该项目的论点是，在倡导自由软件技术的同时，这些由FLOSS程序员、用户、公民社会团体、政府行为者和商业代表组成的不同网络同时推进了对政府、公民身份和全球信息社会中信息技术使用的多种相互竞争的理解。在这个意义上，新千年的FLOSS可以被解读为一个关键的网站，经济现代化，政治责任，法律的财产和自由公民的概念正在重新制定。这项研究将对发展中国家新兴信息技术的使用和影响产生新的关注，将对几个研究领域做出有价值的贡献。首先，它将为法律的研究提供新的理论见解，研究经济发展计划，包括新的电子发展计划，如何将物质和非物质财产重新定义为新的宝贵的发展资源。第二，它将有助于技术的社会研究中的新辩论，其中对知识网络和技术生产过程的研究已经发展。最后，它将扩大目前在社会运动研究领域的研究，研究了采用网络信息技术作为组织工具和网络作为集体行动者的新组织形式。