SDEST: Relational Artifacts

SDEST：关系工件

• 批准号: 0115668
• 负责人: Sherry Turkle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0115668&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SDEST; Relational; Artifacts

In the past decade, there has been a movement in the design of computational objects toward "relational artifacts," computational objects designed to present themselves as having affective states that are influenced by the objects' interactions with human beings. They include digital dolls for children and for the homebound elderly, for whom they can double as health-monitoring systems. The designers of such systems incorporate models of human and animal cognition and build machines that learn from experience and adapt over time. In turn, experiences with such machines provide users and designers with powerful "objects to think with" about how their own minds work, and about what is special about being a person. This award funds data collection to examine a range of psychological, cultural, and ethical questions raised by relational artifacts. The investigator will explore and document the experiences of the groups having "first contact" with relational artifacts: designers, children, `early adopters', and the elderly. The methodology includes ethnographic fieldwork, observations, and interviews; sites include academic and corporate laboratories, children's after-school programs, elder housing, and individual subjects' homes. Interviews and observations will be taped and transcribed; results will be disseminated in published papers, presentations at conferences, and in a monograph. The investigator for this project has already launched preliminary pilot studies on this topic. She proposes that this new kind of computational object provokes striking changes in the ways people categorize and assign value to qualities such as "emotion," "relationship," and "aliveness." The dynamic between a person and an interactive, evolving, "caring" machine is not the same as the relationship one might have with another person, a pet, or a cherished inanimate object. This research project will explore the nature and implications of this new sort of relationship. Its goal is to better understand how experiences with relational artifacts affect people's sense of who they are and their place in the world.

在过去的十年中，在计算对象的设计中出现了一种朝向“关系工件”的运动，计算对象被设计成具有受对象与人类的交互影响的情感状态。其中包括儿童和居家老人的数字娃娃，对他们来说，它们可以兼作健康监测系统。这些系统的设计者结合了人类和动物的认知模型，并建立了从经验中学习并随着时间的推移而适应的机器。反过来，使用这些机器的经验为用户和设计师提供了强大的“思考对象”，关于他们自己的思想如何工作，以及作为一个人的特殊之处。该奖项资助数据收集，以研究由关系工件提出的一系列心理，文化和伦理问题。调查员将探索和记录的经验，组有“第一次接触”的关系文物：设计师，儿童，“早期采用者”，和老年人。该方法包括民族志实地考察，观察和访谈;网站包括学术和企业实验室，儿童的课后计划，老年人的住房，和个别科目的家园。访谈和观察将被录音和转录;结果将在出版的论文、会议上的演讲和专著中传播。该项目的调查员已经就这一专题开展了初步试点研究。她提出，这种新型的计算对象引发了人们对“情感”、“关系”和“活力”等品质进行分类和赋值的方式的显著变化。一个人和一个互动的、不断进化的、“有爱心”的机器之间的动态关系，与一个人和另一个人、一只宠物或一个珍贵的无生命物体之间的关系是不一样的。本研究项目将探讨这种新型关系的性质和影响。它的目标是更好地理解关系工件的体验如何影响人们对他们是谁以及他们在世界上的位置的感觉。