Dissertation Improvement Grant: Ethnohistorical and Genetic Survey of Central Anatolian Villages

论文改进补助金：安纳托利亚中部村庄的民族历史和遗传学调查

• 批准号: 0622589
• 负责人: Theodore Schurr
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0622589&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Ethnohistorical; Genetic

The project aims to elucidate the genetic diversity and ethnohistory of Central Anatolian populations. Anatolia has been a busy crossroads, as well as a center for several demographic and cultural networks through which Europe, Caucasus and Middle East have been connected. The project will document the biological and cultural diversity in contemporary villages in this region to reassess the pattern of genetic diversity in Central Anatolia resulting from the Neolithic expansion and Turkic invasion from a local perspective, and to contextualize the findings of broader studies from a regional perspective. To accomplish these goals, ethnographic fieldwork in villages of Central Anatolia will be conducted, documenting the local histories of these villages and their cultural and social affinities with each other. During this time biological samples will be collected from their inhabitants for genetic analysis and the resulting data will be analyzed with statistic and phylogenetic methods to define the biological affinities of Central Anatolian populations, and reconstruct the migration history of the region. The ethnographic information obtained through fieldwork will allow more accurate interpretation in comparison to previous studies of genetic variation in Turkey. This local approach to the analysis of genetic variation in Turkey will test the validity of assessing the Neolithic population events using contemporary populations in the region, which, in turn, will allow the re-examination of models of the Neolithization or Europe developed from linguistic and archeological evidence. Thus, the data from this project may provide new clues to Neolithic expansion, by filling in some questions into how populations and agriculture spread in Central Anatolia, and then to the Balkans within a more regional and a more chronologically focused context. In addition, the detailed ethnographic and genetic data from this study should give insights into the Turkification of Anatolia and possibly explain broader trends in movement of Turkic peoples. The proposed analyses will also yield crucial information about the extent of inter-village diversity within Central Anatolia, and, in the context of genealogical data, the degree of kinship and sex-specific movements within villages. Such data will also indicate the consistency of self-identified biological ancestry and the actual genetic background of the participants. There are several broader implications of this project. First, it is a collaborative and interdisciplinary effort between Turkish and American institutions and scientists with backgrounds in physical anthropology, human genetics and forensics. In addition, this project will serve as the basis for the Ph.D. thesis of the applicant (Gokcumen), and possibly other Ph.D. and Master's theses by Turkish students. The information gathered in this project will be presented in both Turkish and English academic publications and conferences, which will be co-authored with Turkish and American scholars. The proposed project may contribute the discussions of identity in a constructive level by showing similarities as well as differences in the histories of Anatolian groups. In this regard, this study will be a case example for contributing to communities' effort to reinvent their cultural differences while maintaining their national pride.

该项目旨在阐明安纳托利亚中部人口的遗传多样性和民族历史。 安纳托利亚一直是一个繁忙的十字路口，也是几个人口和文化网络的中心，通过这些网络将欧洲、高加索和中东连接起来。 该项目将记录该地区当代村庄的生物和文化多样性，从当地角度重新评估安纳托利亚中部因新石器时代扩张和突厥入侵而产生的遗传多样性模式，并从区域角度将更广泛的研究结果置于背景中。 为了实现这些目标，将在安纳托利亚中部的村庄进行民族志实地考察，记录这些村庄的当地历史及其相互之间的文化和社会亲和力。 在此期间，将从居民那里收集生物样本进行遗传分析，并使用统计和系统发育方法对所得数据进行分析，以确定安纳托利亚中部人口的生物亲缘关系，并重建该地区的迁徙历史。 与之前对土耳其遗传变异的研究相比，通过实地调查获得的人种学信息将可以进行更准确的解释。 这种分析土耳其遗传变异的本地方法将测试使用该地区当代人口评估新石器时代人口事件的有效性，这反过来又将允许重新审查从语言和考古证据发展而来的新石器化或欧洲模型。 因此，该项目的数据可能会为新石器时代的扩张提供新的线索，通过回答一些问题来了解人口和农业如何在安纳托利亚中部传播，然后在更区域性和更按时间顺序排列的背景下传播到巴尔干地区。 此外，这项研究中详细的人种学和遗传数据应该可以深入了解安纳托利亚的突厥化，并可能解释突厥民族流动的更广泛趋势。 拟议的分析还将产生有关安纳托利亚中部村庄间多样性程度的重要信息，以及在家谱数据的背景下，村庄内的亲属关系和特定性别运动的程度。 此类数据还将表明参与者自我认定的生物血统与实际遗传背景的一致性。该项目有几个更广泛的影响。 首先，这是土耳其和美国机构以及具有体质人类学、人类遗传学和法医学背景的科学家之间的合作和跨学科努力。 此外，该项目将作为博士学位的基础。申请人的论文（Gokcumen），以及可能的其他博士学位。以及土耳其学生的硕士学位论文。 该项目收集的信息将在土耳其和英语学术出版物和会议上发表，这些出版物和会议将与土耳其和美国学者共同撰写。 拟议的项目可以通过展示安纳托利亚群体历史的相似性和差异性，在建设性层面上促进身份讨论。 在这方面，这项研究将成为一个案例，有助于社区努力重塑文化差异，同时保持民族自豪感。