Doctoral Dissertation Research: Disentangling the All-Powerful Development Machine: The Political Dynamics Behind Saving Madagascar's Biodiversity

博士论文研究：解开全能的发展机器：拯救马达加斯加生物多样性背后的政治动力

• 批准号: 0623395
• 负责人: Louise Fortmann
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0623395&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Disentangling; Powerful

This doctoral dissertation research project examines key factors that have catalyzed U.S. funding for environment within its foreign aid agenda in Madagascar. Given the context of the global biodiversity conservation movement and a historical struggle between the Malagasy state and rural shifting cultivators, U.S. funding exerts a powerful influence on Madagascar's national environmental program. Specifically, this research analyzes how ideas and practices associated with sustainable development and biodiversity conservation have evolved through the Washington, D.C. policy-making process, as well as through negotiations in Madagascar over the national environment program and contemporary forest protection measures. With this case study, the research addresses a lacuna in political ecology and post-development literature by tracing the production of a development agenda through power-laden networks that span policy-making sites across the developed and developing worlds. It responds to a call within both fields for empirical knowledge garnered through the methods of bureaucratic ethnography, by utilizing historically-informed textual analysis and key informant interviews in Washington, D.C. and Madagascar. In applying concepts from critical human geography to enlighten understanding of bureaucratic function and the policy process, the research moves beyond traditional development critiques of project outcomes to focus on the complex policy process. It traces how ideas and programs are created across networks and alliances of organizations, and it examines how and why these ideas and practices articulate at specific points in time and space. Its goal is to clarify for policy makers and academics alike how development ideas are created and translated throughout the policy process, what influences this trajectory and what choices and constraints policy makers face both in the United States and overseas.

这个博士论文研究项目探讨了催化美国在马达加斯加的对外援助议程中为环境提供资金的关键因素。 鉴于全球生物多样性保护运动的背景以及马达加斯加国家与农村流动种植者之间的历史斗争，美国的资助对马达加斯加的国家环境计划产生了强大的影响。具体而言，本研究分析了如何通过华盛顿，华盛顿特区的政策制定过程，以及通过在马达加斯加的国家环境计划和当代森林保护措施的谈判，与可持续发展和生物多样性保护相关的想法和做法已经演变。通过这一案例研究，该研究通过追踪跨越发达国家和发展中国家决策网站的充满权力的网络的发展议程的产生，解决了政治生态学和后发展文学中的一个空白。它响应了这两个领域的经验知识，通过官僚民族志的方法，利用历史知情的文本分析和关键线人访谈在华盛顿，华盛顿特区和马达加斯加的呼吁。在应用批判人文地理学的概念来启发对官僚职能和政策过程的理解时，研究超越了对项目成果的传统发展批评，转而关注复杂的政策过程。 它追溯了想法和计划是如何在组织的网络和联盟中创建的，并研究了这些想法和实践如何以及为什么在特定的时间和空间点上表达出来。其目标是为政策制定者和学者澄清发展理念是如何在整个政策过程中产生和转化的，是什么影响了这一轨迹，以及政策制定者在美国和海外面临哪些选择和限制。