The Effect of Submerged and Emergent, Highly Flexible and Rigid Macrophyte Canopy Patches on Flow and Mass Transport

沉水和挺水、高度柔性和刚性的大型植物冠层斑块对流动和质量传递的影响

• 批准号: 0626164
• 负责人: Edwin Cowen
• 金额: $ 28.94万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626164&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effect; Submerged; Emergent; Highly; Flexible

PROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0626164PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: EDWIN A. COWENINSTITUTION: CORNELL UNIVERSITYTHE EFFECT OF SUBMERGED AND EMERGENT, HIGHLY FLEXIBLE AND RIGID MACROPHYTE CANOPY PATCHES ON FLOW AND MASS TRANSPORT This grant provides funding to perform a series of carefully controlled experimental studies on the effects of aquatic macrophyte canopy patches on low-speed flows. The literature on the effects of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation on flow is becoming quite rich but there is a significant gap in the aquatic plant literature on the effects of heterogeneous canopies in low-speed flows and for the effects of highly flexible macrophtyes in general. The investigators will collect a canonical experimental data set documenting the effects of highly flexible macrophyte canopies and heterogenous macrophyte patches on low-speed flow and mass transport. A secondary goal is to extend and investigate the ability of existing turbulence closure schemes to capture these effects. The experiments will be conducted using two species of live macrophytes. The macrophytes will be placed in patches of increasing complexity in the all glass test section of a wide open-channel flume. State of the art quantitative imaging techniques will be used to measure the turbulent velocity characteristics, including the directly calculated turbulent dissipation, as well as the transport and dispersion of fluorescent tracers. Proposed modifications to turbulence closure models will be the starting point for investigating the ability of models to capture the turbulent kinetic energy budget. Competing numerical models of canopy flow that perform equally well in uniform aquatic canopies will be tested against this novel heterogeneous data set. The collected data set will fill critical gaps in our understanding of aquatic plant-flow interaction. It is important to work with live plants, as field biologists monitor macrophyte communities using metrics that do not lend themselves to scaling with simulated plant model results. The tested turbulence closure models will allow the development of computational tools capable of forecasting transport in natural environments dominated by both highly flexible and heterogeneous plant canopy patches - environments such as lakes of all scales, salt marshes, estuaries and coastal embayments and terrestrial flows as well. The project will lead to an interdisciplinary Ph.D. for a talented female student who will work with the PI to develop laboratory experiences for an introductory fluid mechanics course and to host weeklong projects for a program targeting high-school women interested in science and engineering.

建议编号：CTS-0626164初级调查员：Edwin A.COWENINSTUTION：康奈尔大学沉水和紧急、高度灵活和坚硬的大型植物冠层斑块对流动和质量传输的影响这笔赠款提供资金，用于进行一系列仔细控制的实验研究，以研究水生大型植物冠层斑块对低速流动的影响。关于陆地和水生植被对水流的影响的文献正在变得相当丰富，但水生植物文献中关于低速水流中异质树冠的影响以及高度灵活的巨噬细胞的影响的文献还存在很大差距。研究人员将收集一个典型的实验数据集，记录高度灵活的水生植物树冠和异质水生植物斑块对低速流动和质量传输的影响。第二个目标是扩展和研究现有湍流闭合方案捕捉这些影响的能力。实验将使用两种活的大型植物进行。大型植物将被放置在一个宽阔的明渠水槽的全玻璃试验段中，这些斑块的复杂性越来越高。最先进的定量成像技术将被用来测量湍流速度特性，包括直接计算的湍流耗散，以及荧光示踪剂的传输和扩散。对湍流闭合模型的拟议修改将是研究模型捕捉湍动能收支能力的起点。在均匀的水冠中表现同样出色的冠层流动的相互竞争的数值模型将根据这个新的异质数据集进行测试。收集的数据集将填补我们对水生植物-水流相互作用理解的关键空白。使用活的植物很重要，因为田间生物学家使用的指标监测大型植物群落，而这些指标不适合用模拟的植物模型结果进行缩放。经过测试的湍流闭合模型将允许开发能够预测由高度灵活和不同种类的植物冠层斑块主导的自然环境中的交通的计算工具-环境，如各种规模的湖泊、盐沼、河口和沿海海湾以及陆地水流。该项目将为一名才华横溢的女学生培养一个跨学科的博士学位，她将与PI合作，为流体力学入门课程发展实验室经验，并为一个针对对科学和工程感兴趣的高中女性的项目主持为期一周的项目。