Airborne Measurements of the Physio-Chemistry and Evolution of Aerosols in the Tropics during the Pacific Atmospheric Sulfur Experiment (PASE)

该项目涉及在太平洋大气硫实验(PASE)中部署一套大型仪器来表征气溶胶的物理、化学和光学性质。这些测量对于理解硫循环及其与海洋边界层(MBL)中云凝结核(CCN)的联系至关重要，并将有助于更好地了解MBL气溶胶的形成、输送和清除及其在海洋硫循环中的作用。这项工作的主要目标是量化MBL硫化学与气溶胶浓度、大小和化学变化之间的联系。还将确定评估气相物种吸收所需的周围非海盐和海盐气溶胶表面积。气溶胶吸湿生长是这个项目中的一个重要因素，它将通过测量大小、化学和湿度相关的生长来限制。其他目标包括在PASE期间研究气溶胶动力学和生长对日光化学的响应。关于逆温层上下以及缓冲层(BUL)和MBL中的夹带率和垂直通量的数据将被用来评估这些过程在调节MBL中CCN浓度方面的作用。这将包括评估新粒子形成的位置和重要性。最后，将部署飞行时间气溶胶质谱仪(TOF-AMS)，以提供可应用于所有这些问题的快速尺寸分辨化学数据(离子和有机材料)。与PASE上的其他测量一起，这些尺寸分辨效应将与气相化学源、总气溶胶化学以及测量的CCN光谱的相关变异性联系在一起。该项目的广泛影响包括通过研究生和博士后研究人员参与从测量到出版的现场活动的所有阶段，将研究和教育整合在一起。最终数据将保存在PASE档案中，供更广泛的社区使用。

This project involves deployment of a large suite of instruments to characterize aerosol physical, chemical, and optical properties in the Pacific Atmospheric Sulfur Experiment (PASE). These measurements are essential to understanding the sulfur cycle and its link to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the marine boundary layer (MBL), and will lead to improved knowledge of the formation, transport, and removal of MBL aerosol and its role in the marine sulfur cycle. The primary objective in this work is to quantify links between MBL sulfur chemistry and changes in aerosol concentrations, size, and chemistry. Ambient non sea-salt and sea-salt aerosol surface areas needed to evaluate the uptake of gas phase species will also be determined. Aerosol hygroscopic growth is an important element in this project, and it will be constrained through measurements of size, chemistry, and humidity dependent growth. Other goals include the investigation of aerosol dynamics and growth in response to the diurnal photochemistry to be studied during PASE. Data on entrainment rates and vertical fluxes above and below the inversion and in the buffer layer (BuL) and MBL will be used to evaluate the role of these processes in modulating CCN concentrations in the MBL. This will include assessing the locations and significance of new particle formation. Finally, a time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (TOF-AMS) will be deployed to provide fast size-resolved chemistry data (on both ionic and organic material) that can be applied to all of these issues. In conjunction with other measurements on PASE, these size-resolved effects will be linked to gas phase chemical sources, total aerosol chemistry, and associated variability in measured CCN spectra.Broader impacts of this project include the integration of research and education through involvement of graduate students and post-doctoral researchers in all stages of the field campaign from measurements to publications. Final data will reside in the PASE archive, which will be available to the broader community.