CAREER: Cross-Layer Schemes For Flexible Resource Sharing in Multicore Systems

项目摘要：该方案解决了在多核系统中针对不同共享场景(合作、竞争和对抗)灵活和高效地管理应用程序/线程之间的共享高速缓存和共享内存带宽的分配的挑战。提出的解决方案跨越硬件、操作系统和应用层，由两部分组成，一部分位于硬件-OS边界，另一部分位于OS-应用边界。第一部分提出了一种硬件辅助、操作系统驱动的资源分配技术，该技术有效地结合了基于操作系统的资源管理的灵活性和硬件资源管理的效率。第二部分建议在应用程序/操作系统边界采用基于货币的市场机制，在这种机制中，竞争者谈判/竞标资源访问权限，以换取一些名义货币。市场机制已经被研究用于其他资源配置问题，它激励良好的行为，因为有效利用资源和释放未使用的资源符合参与者的利益。在共享缓存和共享内存带宽的特定环境中，市场机制允许开发复杂的管理策略，并在应用程序之间和应用程序内确定优先级。通过适当的接口，它们还可以在操作系统和应用程序层实现其他几个优化，例如(A)根据资源可用性修改其行为的自适应应用程序，(B)具有互补资源需求的共享者的共同调度，以及(C)需求驱动的资源定价。教育计划的关键组成部分包括(A)将并行性和多核概念整合到研究生和本科生的计算机体系结构相关课程中，(B)开发研究生级别的高级计算机体系结构课程，以专注于体系结构设计模式，重复体系结构优化，类似于Gamma等人捕获的高级、面向对象的编程设计模式。以及(C)促进本科生和研究生的研究参与。

PROJECT ABSTRACT:The proposal addresses the challenge of flexibly and efficiently managing the allocation of shared caches and shared memory bandwidth among applications/threads for diverse sharing scenarios (co-operative, competitive and adversarial) in multicore systems. The proposed solution which spans the hardware, operating system (OS) and application layers, consists of two parts, one at the hardware-OS boundary and another at the OS-application boundary. The first part proposes a hardware-assisted, OS-driven resource allocation technique that effectively combines the flexibility of OS-based resource management with the efficiency of hardware resource management. The second part proposes adoption of currency-based market mechanisms at the application/OS boundary wherein contenders negotiate/bid for access to resources in exchange for some notional currency. Market mechanisms, which have been studied for other resource allocation problems, incentivize good behavior because it is in the participants' interest to make efficient use of resources and release resources that are not used. In the specific context of shared caches and shared memory bandwidth, market mechanisms allow development of sophisticated management policies with prioritization across and within applications. With appropriate interfaces, they also enable several other optimizations at the OS and application layers such as (a) adaptive applications that modify their behavior according to resource availability, (b) co-scheduling of sharers with complementary resource needs and (c) demand-driven pricing" of resources.The key components of the education plan include (a) integration of parallelism and multicore concepts into the graduate and undergraduate computer architecture related courses, (b) development of a graduate-level, advanced computer architecture course to focus on architecture design patterns recurring architecture optimizations similar to the high-level, object-oriented programming design patterns" captured by Gamma et.al. and (c) fostering research participation at both undergraduate and graduate levels.