Hydrologic and Geochemical Measurements During the Marnaut Project, Marmara Sea, Turkey

智力优势：本研究检验了深海渗漏的水文事件与构造事件直接相关的假设，以及活动断层是海底与地震发生带之间的水文联系的假设。为此，研究人员对马尔马拉主断层的流体排出量进行了时间序列测量。马尔马拉主断层是北安纳托利亚断裂带的水下西部延伸，是土耳其海岸外的一个主要活动断层。将沿着海底断层的轨迹放置一种独特的采样装置，可以对持续时间长达一年的流体进行采样；并收集流体流速和流体化学的时间序列记录。将分析流体中的溶解气体（He和CO2）的同位素特征。流体的整体化学性质也将被评估。结果数据将在互补水柱、孔隙压力、地球物理、额外的地球化学和GPS数据集的更大框架内进行解释，这些数据集由从事马尔马拉海项目（MARNAUT）的美国、法国和土耳其国际研究团队的成员免费收集。研究目的是了解流体排出强度和震源深度与构造背景、沉积历史和地震时间的关系。更广泛的影响：这项工作的更广泛影响包括与法国和土耳其科学家以及其他国际伙伴的合作。它还将支持一名早期职业科学家，促进进一步开发和测试一套独特的流体监测装置，并确定其实时监测地震事件和可能用于地震预测的潜力。这项工作还具有更广泛的社会意义，因为要监测的断层具有重大和周期性地震活动的历史，这些地震活动在伊斯坦布尔及周边地区的高密度人口中心造成重大财产和生命损失。

Intellectual Merit: This research examines the hypotheses that hydrologic events at deep ocean seeps can be directly related to tectonic events and that active faults are a hydrologic connection between the seafloor and zone of earthquake generation. To do this, time series measurements are being taken of fluid expulsion associated with the Main Marmara Fault, the submerged western extension of the North Anatolian Fault Zone which is a major active fault off the coast of Turkey. A unique sampling device that can sample fluids up to a year in duration will be placed along the trace of the fault on the seafloor; and a time series record of fluid flow rates and fluid chemistry will be collected. Dissolved gases (He and CO2) in the fluids will be analyzed for their isotopic signature. The overall chemistry of the fluids will also be evaluated. Resulting data will be interpreted within the larger framework of complementary water column, pore pressure, geophysical, additional geochemical, and GPS datasets being collected at no additional cost by members of the international US, French, and Turkish research team working on the Marmara Sea project (MARNAUT). Research objectives are to understand how fluid expulsion intensity and source depth correlate with tectonic context, sedimentation history, and earthquake timing. Broader Impacts: The broader impacts of the work include collaboration with French and Turkish scientists and other international partners. It will also support an early career scientist and promote further development and testing of a unique set of fluid monitoring devices and establish their potential for real time monitoring seismic events and possible use in earthquake prediction. The work also has broader societal significance because the fault to be monitored has a history of major and periodic earthquake activity that causes significant loss of property and lives in high density population centers in Istanbul and surrounding regions.