Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Transplanting Kinship - Organ Transplantation, Kinship, and Daily Life in the U.S.

博士论文改进补助金：移植亲属关系 - 器官移植、亲属关系和美国的日常生活

• 批准号: 0649678
• 负责人: Gillian Feeley-Harnik
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0649678&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Transplanting

How is organ transplantation affecting kin relations in the United States? To answer this question, graduate student Laura Heineman, supervised by Dr. Marcia C. Inhorn, will investigate the interaction of transplantation with the daily lives of adult transplant recipients and their caregivers. This study focuses on three untested assumptions that: 1) transplantation, as a practice, is both founded upon and affecting cultural norms in the U.S.; 2) kin relations, cultivated in the home through activities of giving care, are a major component of transplantation's impact on daily life; 3) the arenas of constraint created by social stratification figure significantly in interactions between transplantation and human relatedness. These assumptions will be explored at a major transplant center in the U.S. Midwest that employs a care model which focuses on the use of family and friends to meet patients' care needs both during and after hospitalization. The researcher will employ a variety of ethnographic and social science research methods, including semistructured, unstructured, genealogical, and life history interviews; participant observation; fieldnote and visual documentation; and review of health policy documents. She builds upon recent kinship theory, which examines multiple forms of relatedness beyond bio-genetic relations. Comparisons will include: 1) patients and caregivers who are related by "blood," marriage, or adoption, versus those who are "kin-like," but not related in these ways (to understand what constitutes "relatedness") and 2) the experiences of transplantation in the hospital, versus those of transplant caregiving in the home (to ascertain the role of the home in kinship and transplant care). These data will be evaluated in light of constraints faced throughout the transplant process.The research is important because it will be useful for improving health policy, outcomes for transplant patients (and others with serious, long-term illness), support for caregivers, and communication between medical professionals and patient populations. At a time when alternative forms of relatedness are highly contested (e.g., same-sex marriage and family-making via new reproductive technologies), studies such as this are crucial to understand the mechanisms by which kin relations are created, solidified, questioned, or changed. The research also will contribute significantly to the education of a social scientist.

器官移植如何影响美国的亲属关系？ 为了回答这个问题，研究生劳拉海涅曼，由博士监督玛西娅C。Inhorn将调查移植与成年移植受者及其照顾者日常生活的相互作用。 本研究的重点是三个未经检验的假设：1）移植，作为一种实践，是建立在和影响在美国的文化规范; 2)在家庭中，通过提供照顾的活动培养的亲属关系，是移植对日常生活影响的主要组成部分; 3）社会分层所产生的约束领域在移植与人类亲缘关系之间的相互作用中具有重要意义。 这些假设将在美国中西部的一家主要移植中心进行探讨，该中心采用的护理模式侧重于利用家人和朋友来满足患者住院期间和住院后的护理需求。 研究人员将采用各种人种学和社会科学研究方法，包括半结构化，非结构化，家谱和生活史访谈;参与者观察;现场说明和视觉文件;和卫生政策文件的审查。 她建立在最近的亲属关系理论基础上，该理论考察了生物遗传关系之外的多种形式的相关性。 比较将包括：1）患者和照顾者谁是通过“血液”，婚姻，或收养，与那些谁是“亲属样”，但没有在这些方面（以了解什么构成“相关性”）和2）移植的经验，在医院，与移植的经验在家里（以确定家庭在亲属关系和移植护理的作用）。 这些数据将根据整个移植过程中面临的限制因素进行评估。这项研究很重要，因为它将有助于改善健康政策，移植患者（和其他患有严重长期疾病的患者）的结果，对护理人员的支持，以及医疗专业人员和患者群体之间的沟通。 在其他形式的相关性受到高度质疑的时候（例如，同性婚姻和通过新的生殖技术建立家庭），这样的研究对于理解亲属关系的建立，巩固，质疑或改变的机制至关重要。 这项研究也将大大有助于社会科学家的教育。