3-D Signatures of Thermonuclear Supernovae as Key to Probe the Explosion Physics and Progenitor Systems

热核(1a型)超新星(SN1a)的亮度和均匀性使它们成为极好的距离指示器，有助于探索宇宙学状态方程或暗能量的性质。SN1a也是我们银河系化学演化的关键，也是研究高级辐射流体力学、燃烧理论以及核和原子物理的理想实验室。为了充分利用新数据，需要详细的三维辐射和流体动力学模型。由于与吸积盘和伴星的相互作用，白矮星的快速自转，点火过程的物理过程，以及核燃烧锋面的性质，对于一个质量溢出的紧密双星系统来说，一些三维效应似乎是不可避免的。目前的系统研究将揭示方向光度不对称以及如何修正它们。通过破译抛射结构，它将提供关于爆炸物理、前驱恒星、吸积盘和伴星的新信息。对流体动力学、核合成和辐射传输的一致处理，提供了爆炸物理和可观测量之间所需的联系。这些研究人员已经创建的工具将得到进一步开发，并应用于计算详细的通量、偏振光谱和非球面光曲线，其结果将与广泛的观测结果进行比较。拟议工作的影响远远超出了对超新星的更好理解，包括继续开发广泛适用的流体动力学辐射传输程序，培训学生和初级研究人员，以及对将超新星用作现代天文学和宇宙学的主要工具之一的影响。

AST-0507557HoeflichThe brightness and homogeneity of thermonuclear (type 1a) supernovae (SN1a) makes them excellent distance indicators, useful to probe the cosmological equation of state or the nature of the dark energy. SN1a are also a key to the chemical evolution of our galaxy and an ideal laboratory for advanced radiation hydrodynamics, combustion theory and nuclear and atomic physics. To take full advantage of new data, detailed three dimensional (3-D) radiation and hydrodynamical models are required. Some 3-D effects seem to be unavoidable for a close binary system with mass overflow, due to the interaction with the accretion disk and the companion star, the rapid rotation of the white dwarf, the physics of the ignition process, and the properties of the nuclear burning front. The present systematic study will reveal directional luminosity asymmetries and how to correct for them. By deciphering the ejection structure, it will provide new information on the explosion physics, the progenitor star, the accretion disk, and the companion star. The consistent treatment of hydrodynamics, nucleosynthesis, and radiation transport, provides the desired link between the explosion physics and the observable quantities. Tools already created by these researchers will be further developed, and applied to calculate detailed flux and polarization spectra and aspherical light curves, whose results will be compared with extensive observations.The impact of the proposed work goes far beyond a better understanding of supernovae, including the continued development of a widely applicable hydrodynamic radiation transport code, training of students and junior researchers, and the impact on the use of supernovae as one of the main instruments of modern astronomy and cosmology.