Investigating the Dynamics of Tidewater Glaciers with Application to Columbia Glacier, Alaska and Kangerlussuaq Glacier, East Greenland
研究潮水冰川的动力学并应用于阿拉斯加哥伦比亚冰川和东格陵兰康克鲁斯瓦克冰川
基本信息
- 批准号:0710839
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2006
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2006-10-01 至 2010-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
ABSTRACTvan der VeenOPP-0520427Uncertainties in predicting future sea level are affected by a lack of understanding thebehavior of calving glaciers. There are many examples in the geological record of calving glaciers that underwent rapid change. The best-known examples of such behavior are the Heinrich events, marking short-lived periods of significantly increased iceberg production from the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The Principal Investigators will apply a numerical model to describe and explain the observed retreat of Columbia Glacier, Alaska, and of Kangerlussuaq Glacier, Greenland. The lessons learned from studying these glaciers can be applied to other calving glaciers, to explain past changes as well as predict possible future changes. Columbia Glacier is a tidewater glacier that has been retreating at an increasing rate since the early 1980s. The period prior to, and the subsequent retreat, have been documented by aerial photogrammetry, conducted by the U.S.G.S. for about five times a year since 1976. This data set is the most complete for any calving glacier and covers both seasonal variations and long-term changes in glacier speed and geometry. Kangerlussuaq Glacier is a fast-moving calving glacier that underwent rapid thinning during the 1990s and data has been compiled on surface elevation and glacier speed from the 1930s. While not as extensive as the Columbia Glacier data set, available data are sufficient to constrain numerical models and investigate processes most likely responsible for the behavior of this outlet glacier. The most important question concerning Columbia Glacier and other calving glaciers is what processes may initiate retreat and what feedback mechanisms are important in sustaining retreat. To answer this question, the Principal Investigator proposes to adopt a heuristic approach in which the rate of iceberg production is estimated from a calving criterion. Two different formulations will be incorporated into the model and their predictions tested against the available data. Similarly, by incorporating simple yet realistic sliding relations, the model will be used to test the hypothesis that the speed up during retreat may be associated with glacier thinning and approach to flotation, lowering the effective basal pressure. Finally, he will investigate the role of sediment recycling and the formation of a terminal moraine bank, and whether this process is essential for allowing the terminus to advance down the fjord.Scientific Merit: The main goal of this project is to identify processes most important in controlling the life cycle of calving glaciers, typified by a prolonged period of slow terminus advance to a relative stable terminus located at the mouth of the fjord, followed by a brief period of rapid retreat and disintegration of the lower reaches. Until now, most studies concerning tidewater glaciers have focused on specific aspects, such as calving, sediment deposition, etc., but few attempts have been made to integrate the various ideas and suggestions into a single model with applications to a well-documented glacier.Broader Impact: While the proposed work focuses on Columbia Glacier primarily, betterunderstanding of the dynamics of calving glaciers will have broader applications, in particular reducing uncertainties in future sea-level rise scenarios and the contribution of calving glaciers to this rise.
由于对冰川崩解的行为缺乏了解,预测未来海平面的不确定性受到影响。在地质记录中,有许多例子表明,崩解冰川经历了迅速的变化。这种行为最著名的例子是海因里希事件,标志着劳伦泰德冰盖的冰山生产显着增加的短暂时期。 主要研究者将应用数值模型来描述和解释观察到的阿拉斯加哥伦比亚冰川和格陵兰岛Kangerlussuaq冰川的退缩。从研究这些冰川中获得的经验教训可以应用于其他崩解冰川,以解释过去的变化并预测未来可能的变化。 哥伦比亚冰川是一个冰川,自20世纪80年代初以来一直在以越来越快的速度退缩。撤退之前的时期和撤退之后的时期都有美国海军陆战队进行的航空摄影测量记录。从1976年开始每年大约五次该数据集是所有崩解冰川中最完整的,涵盖了冰川速度和几何形状的季节变化和长期变化。Kangerlussuaq冰川是一个快速移动的产冰冰川,在20世纪90年代经历了快速变薄,从20世纪30年代开始收集了关于表面海拔和冰川速度的数据。虽然不像哥伦比亚冰川数据集那样广泛,但现有数据足以约束数值模型并调查最有可能导致该出口冰川行为的过程。关于哥伦比亚冰川和其他裂冰冰川的最重要的问题是什么过程可能引发退缩,以及什么反馈机制在维持退缩中是重要的。为了回答这个问题,首席研究员建议采用一种启发式方法,即根据产犊标准估计冰山产生率。两种不同的公式将被纳入模型,并根据现有数据对其预测进行测试。同样,通过结合简单而现实的滑动关系,该模型将被用来测试的假设,即在后退过程中的速度可能与冰川变薄和浮动的方法,降低有效的基础压力。最后,他将研究沉积物再循环的作用和终端冰碛堤的形成,以及这一过程是否是允许终端沿峡湾推进的必要条件。该项目的主要目标是确定在控制崩解冰川生命周期方面最重要的过程,典型的是一个长时间的缓慢的终点前进到一个相对稳定的终点位于河口,其次是一个短暂的快速撤退和解体的下游。到目前为止,大多数关于冰川的研究都集中在特定的方面,如崩解,沉积物沉积等,但很少有人尝试将各种想法和建议整合到一个单一模型中,并应用于有据可查的冰川。更广泛的影响:虽然拟议的工作主要集中在哥伦比亚冰川上,但更好地了解冰解冰川的动态将有更广泛的应用,特别是减少未来海平面上升情景的不确定性以及冰解冰川对海平面上升的贡献。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Cornelis van der Veen其他文献
Cornelis van der Veen的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Cornelis van der Veen', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Stability and Dynamics of Antarctic Marine Outlet Glaciers
合作研究:南极海洋出口冰川的稳定性和动力学
- 批准号:
1543530 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Investigating the Dynamics of Tidewater Glaciers with Application to Columbia Glacier, Alaska and Kangerlussuaq Glacier, East Greenland
研究潮水冰川的动力学并应用于阿拉斯加哥伦比亚冰川和东格陵兰康克鲁斯瓦克冰川
- 批准号:
0520427 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Glacial Assessment: Past, Present and Future: Acquisition of Essential Research Instrumentation
冰川评估:过去、现在和未来:获取必要的研究仪器
- 批准号:
0321053 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Greenland Surface Velocities and Flow Features From High Resolution Visible Statellite Imagery
高分辨率可见卫星图像的格陵兰表面速度和流动特征
- 批准号:
9911981 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Continuing grant
Interpreting the Mass Balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet
解释格陵兰冰盖的质量平衡
- 批准号:
9807521 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Studies on the Mechanics of Columbia Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A., During its Rapid Retreat
美国阿拉斯加哥伦比亚冰川快速退缩过程中的力学研究
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9321556 - 财政年份:1994
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-- - 项目类别:
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Numerical Studies on the Onset of, and Controls on Fast Streaming Flow
快速流发生和控制的数值研究
- 批准号:
9017445 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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