Collaborative Research: Genetic and Divergence Mapping of Barriers to Gene Flow Across a Butterfly Hybrid Zone

合作研究：跨蝴蝶杂交区基因流障碍的遗传和分歧图谱

• 批准号: 0716683
• 负责人: J. Mark Scriber
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0716683&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Genetic; Divergence; Mapping

Understanding the process of how new species form (speciation) is central to modern biology. Species are most commonly identified as groups of animals that are reproductively isolated from other such groups. This collaborative project will use two swallowtail butterfly species, Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis, and a discrete zone where hybrids of these two species can be found (a hybrid zone), as a model system to study the genetic basis of reproductive isolation. These two species differ in several ecologically important traits that are linked to their sex chromosomes, yet are still partly capable of forming fertile hybrids. These features allow study of the genetics of reproductive isolation between these species in the context of these ecological differences. The research will produce a genetic map of the Papilio X-chromosome and will identify regions of the X-chromosome that are linked to ecologically important traits. The degree to which natural selection in the hybrid zone prevents between-species exchanges of genetic material that is closely linked to these traits will be tested. Papilio swallowtails are a common and easily recognizable butterfly in North America, and will serve as a publicly accessible tool for the study of speciation. This work will significantly contribute to genetic resources for butterfly and moth researchers. Insights gained by the proposed research will be broadly applicable to understanding speciation in a wide variety of plant and animal groups. In addition, publicly available software will be developed and made available to facilitate the study of speciation by other researchers.

了解新物种形成的过程（物种形成）是现代生物学的核心。物种最常被识别为与其他此类群体生殖隔离的动物群体。这个合作项目将使用两个燕尾蝶物种，凤蝶和P. canadensis，以及一个可以发现这两个物种杂交的离散区域（杂交区），作为研究生殖隔离遗传基础的模型系统。这两个物种在与性染色体相关的几个生态学上重要的性状上存在差异，但仍然部分能够形成可育的杂交种。这些特征允许在这些生态差异的背景下研究这些物种之间生殖隔离的遗传学。这项研究将绘制出凤蝶X染色体的遗传图谱，并确定与生态重要性状相关的X染色体区域。杂交区的自然选择在多大程度上阻止了与这些性状密切相关的遗传物质的物种间交换，这一点将得到检验。凤蝶燕尾蝶是北美常见且易于识别的蝴蝶，并将作为物种形成研究的公开工具。这项工作将为蝴蝶和蛾类研究人员的遗传资源做出重大贡献。从拟议的研究中获得的见解将广泛适用于了解各种植物和动物群体的物种形成。此外，还将开发和提供可公开获得的软件，以便利其他研究人员对物种形成进行研究。