Collaborative Research: Exploring the Links among Climate, Ecology, and Evolution in Paleogene Marine Faunas of the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain

合作研究：探索美国墨西哥湾沿岸平原古近纪海洋动物群的气候、生态和进化之间的联系

• 批准号: 0718745
• 负责人: Rowan Lockwood
• 金额: $ 5.2万
• 依托单位: College of William and Mary
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0718745&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exploring; Links; among

Recent projections of anthropogenically-influenced climate change have emphasized the importance of understanding how organisms and biotic communities respond to perturbations on both the long and short term. Data from the fossil record can be instrumental in such studies, offering the potential to study the response of ecosystems to protracted climate change impossible to observe on human time scales of only a few years. PIs plan to evaluate the influence of climate on the ecology and evolution of marine mollusk faunas from the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain during the Paleogene (~65-25 million years ago). Their approach allows them to integrate records of mean annual temperature and seasonality with shifts in diversity, community composition and structure, morphology (shape), and evolution. They are particularly interested in learning whether there is a correlation between the magnitude and direction of climate change and the amount and nature of evolutionary or ecological change, including whether or not there are thresholds of tolerance below which an ecosystem and its component taxa do not respond. PIs will generate the paleoclimate record from the chemistry of fossil mollusks and fish otoliths (ear stones), and paleoecological patterns will arise from a combination of existing museum collections, published literature, and new field sampling of mollusk faunas. Lastly, they will reconstruct evolutionary relationships and trends within two dominant mollusk groups - venericard bivalves and turritelline gastropods - that are characteristic of this region and time, and overlay this information on the temperature and ecologic records for a comprehensive picture of faunal response to climate change. Their research will contribute substantially to knowledge of how biodiversity in sub-tropical settings responds to climate change of varying types and magnitudes.

最近对人为影响的气候变化的预测强调了理解生物和生物群落如何在长期和短期上对扰动做出反应的重要性。 化石记录的数据可以在此类研究中发挥作用，从而提供了研究生态系统对旷日持久的气候变化反应的潜力，无法在人类的时间尺度上观察到几年。 PIS计划评估气候对古生元期间美国墨西哥湾沿海平原海洋软体动物动物群的生态和进化的影响（约65-2500万年前）。 他们的方法使他们能够将平均年温度和季节性的记录与多样性，社区组成和结构，形态（形状）和进化的变化相结合。 他们特别感兴趣地了解气候变化的幅度和方向之间是否存在相关性，而进化或生态变化的数量和性质，包括是否存在耐受性阈值，以下是生态系统及其组件分类单位不反应的。 PIS将产生化石软体动物和鱼耳石（耳石）化学的古气候记录，而古生态模式将来自现有的博物馆收藏，出版的文献和Mollusk Faunas的新现场采样的结合。 最后，他们将重建两个主要软体动物组内的进化关系和趋势 - venericard bivalves和turritelline腹足类动物 - 这是该地区和时间的特征，并在温度和生态记录上覆盖了有关气候变化的次要响应的全面情况。 他们的研究将有助于了解亚热带环境中的生物多样性如何应对不同类型和大小的气候变化。