Collaborative Research: Paleohydrology of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: A Multiple Proxy Reconstruction

合作研究：古新世-始新世最热期的古水文学：多代理重建

• 批准号: 0719941
• 负责人: Jonathan Bloch
• 金额: $ 13.83万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-01 至 2012-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0719941&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Paleohydrology; Paleocene; Eocene

This collaborative grant will develop a multiple-proxy record of terrestrial hydrology during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a period of abrupt, short lived and large-scale global warming that occurred ~55.8 million years ago. The PETM was the warmest period of the Cenozoic, is associated with a massive release of carbon to the atmosphere, and precisely coincided with a dramatic response in terrestrial vertebrates and plants. Understanding the response and feedbacks of the hydrologic cycle during the PETM has direct implications for modeling future climate responses to increasing levels of anthropogenic CO2.The project will use four proxies to reconstruct the paleohydrology of the PETM: 1) compound-specific hydrogen isotope ratios of plant lipids, 2) oxygen isotope ratios of fossil enamel from mammal teeth and gar fish scales, 3) physiognomy of fossil leaves, and 4) morphology and chemistry of paleosols. These proxy methods will be applied to the recently recognized PETM sections in the Cabin Fork area of the southeastern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, where a 40 m-thick interval representing the PETM has been identified, and where the team has already shown that the outcrops have abundant fossil vertebrates, leaves, plant lipids, and paleosols. The resulting record of precipitation, relative humidity, seasonality, soil moisture, temperature, and precipitation moisture source will have a temporal resolution of ~10 ky, which will allow the team to detect variations in the hydrologic cycle during the PETM. Reconstructing the hydrological cycle at high temporal resolution will yield more accurate paleohydrological reconstructions, better knowledge of how climatic fluctuations within the PETM relate to changes in atmospheric circulation, and a refined understanding of the environmental consequences of PETM climate change for terrestrial ecosystems.The proposed research includes the development of a teacher training program, "Climate and Life Through Time: Scientists in the Outdoor Classroom," in conjunction with the Teton Science School in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. The school is connected to a K-12 day school and hosts residential programs for students of all ages in natural science and natural science education, serving over 11,000 students a year. The proposed program will involve PIs and graduate students in a teacher training course with the goals of 1) illustrating how we learn about climate and life from the rock record and 2) introducing teachers to Earth science and its practitioners. This outreach program will be conducted in conjunction with an annual meeting of collaborators to be held at the school.To reach an even broader audience, the team will develop a web site on "Reconstructing Ancient Forest Ecosystems" that will be hosted at the Florida Museum of Natural History and linked to Smithsonian Institution websites. The site will explore how to reconstruct ancient ecosystems by using the Paleocene and Eocene forests as a case study.

这项合作赠款将在古新世 - 新世热最大值（PETM）期间建立多种陆地水文记录，这是一个突然，短暂的生活和大规模全球变暖的时期，发生在5580万年前。 PETM是新生代最温暖的时期，与大气向大气的大量释放有关，并且与陆生脊椎动物和植物的剧烈反应相吻合。 Understanding the response and feedbacks of the hydrologic cycle during the PETM has direct implications for modeling future climate responses to increasing levels of anthropogenic CO2.The project will use four proxies to reconstruct the paleohydrology of the PETM: 1) compound-specific hydrogen isotope ratios of plant lipids, 2) oxygen isotope ratios of fossil enamel from mammal teeth and gar fish scales, 3)化石叶和4）古溶质的形态和化学。这些代理方法将应用于怀俄明州东南比格霍恩盆地的机舱叉区域中最近公认的PETM截面，该区域已确定了40 m厚的间隔，代表了PETM，并且该团队已经表明露头具有丰富的化石脊椎动物，叶子，叶子，植物，植物，植物，植物，植物，植物性植物和古质酚。由此产生的降水记录，相对湿度，季节性，土壤水分，温度和沉淀水分的记录将具有〜10 ky的时间分辨率，这将使团队能够在PETM期间检测水文循环的变化。在高时间分辨率下重建水文周期将产生更准确的古水文重建，更好地了解PETM内的气候波动与大气循环的变化如何相关，以及对Petm气候变化对地面生态系统的环境变化的完善理解。怀俄明州杰克逊·霍尔（Jackson Hole）的Teton Science School。该学校与K-12日学校建立了联系，并为自然科学和自然科学教育的所有年龄段的学生提供住宅计划，每年为11,000多名学生提供服务。拟议的计划将涉及PIS和研究生参加教师培训课程，其目标是1）说明我们如何从摇滚记录中了解气候和生活，以及2）将教师介绍到地球科学及其从业人员。该外展计划将与将在学校举行的合作者年度会议一起进行。为了吸引更广泛的受众，该团队将在“重建古代森林生态系统”上开发一个网站，该网站将在佛罗里达自然历史博物馆主持，并将与史密森学会网站联系起来。该站点将探索如何通过使用古新世和始新世森林作为案例研究来重建古代生态系统。