MRI: Acquisition of 15 High-rate GPS Units for Developing a Broadband Earthquake Observation System in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands

MRI：采购 15 个高速 GPS 装置，用于在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛开发宽带地震观测系统

• 批准号: 0722540
• 负责人: Guoquan Wang
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0722540&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; 15; rate; GPS

Funds from this Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program grant will support acquisition of GPS equipment and the installation of high sample rate (1 Hz) Global Positioning System (GPS) network in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The PI's will collocate GPS sites at seismic stations operated by the Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program. Installation of the network at remote field sites will be accomplished with UNAVCO engineering assistance. Data from the GPS network will record long-period (minutes) seismic waves as a possible means for detecting tsunamigenic earthquakes. Broadband seismometers are generally unable to capture the full bandwidth of long period ground motions following very large earthquakes (e.g., the Dec. 26, 2004, Mw 9.2Andaman Islands-Sumatra Earthquake) and it is therefore difficult to rapidly estimate the true magnitude of megaquakes using only seismic data. Estimation of the true magnitude (and therefore tsunami potential) of large earthquakes may be determined more accurately in a timely manner (minutes after the quake) using high rate GPS observations. Given that Puerto Rico is situated on a fault block between the North American and Caribbean tectonic plates and is surrounded and intersected by a series of active faults, seismic events are common and major earthquakes (Mw7.0) in the region have generated tsunamis in the past (e.g., 1946 Mw 8.0 Hispaniola earthquakes). The proposed GPS network will complement the existing Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program, both operating within the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. The high-rate GPS network will enable geoscientists to record long-period and permanent ground motion information that cannot be addressed using current seismometers in the region. The proposed integrated velocitymeter-accelerometer-GPS earthquake observation system will advance knowledge of seismic wave propagation, the kinematics and dynamics of fault rupture process, pre-seismic, co-seismic and post-seismic deformation, and is also likely to be useful for improving building and critical structure designs. The integrated GPS/seismometer network will support earthquake and tsunami hazards research and mitigation in Puerto Rico and the surrounding region. Data from GPS observations can and will also be used for real time tropospheric water vapor tomography which can be useful for weather prediction, including improved hurricane track forecasting. Raw GPS data will be freely available through the UNAVCO archive. As a result, a large number of faculty and students can potentially benefit from the data for research and applications ranging from neotectonics to atmospheric science to civil engineering. The University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez (UPRM) intend to engage a UPR student in the development of the network. UPRM is non-Ph.D.-granting, an EPSCoR (Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research) and Hispanic serving institution.

主要研究仪器（MRI）计划拨款的资金将用于支持在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛购买GPS设备和安装高采样率（1 Hz）全球定位系统（GPS）网络。 PI将在由波多黎各地震网络和波多黎各强震计划运营的地震台站配置GPS站点。 在边远外地地点的网络安装将在联阿援助团的工程援助下完成。 来自全球定位系统网络的数据将记录长周期（分钟）地震波，作为探测海啸地震的一种可能手段。 宽带地震仪通常不能捕获非常大的地震之后的长周期地面运动的全部带宽（例如，2004年12月26日，Mw9.2安达曼群岛-苏门答腊地震），因此仅使用地震数据难以快速估计大地震的真实震级。 利用高速率的全球定位系统观测，可以更准确地及时（地震发生后几分钟）确定大地震的真实震级（从而确定海啸的可能性）。 鉴于波多黎各位于北美和加勒比构造板块之间的断块上，并被一系列活动断层包围和包围，地震事件很常见，该地区的大地震（Mw7.0）过去曾产生海啸（例如，1946年伊斯帕尼奥拉岛发生8.0级地震。 拟议的全球定位系统网络将补充现有的波多黎各地震网络和波多黎各强运动方案，这两个网络和方案都在马亚圭斯的波多黎各大学内运作。 高速率全球定位系统网络将使地球科学家能够记录该区域现有地震仪无法处理的长期和永久的地面运动信息。 拟议的综合速度计-加速度计-全球定位系统地震观测系统将增进对地震波传播、断层破裂过程的运动学和动力学、震前、同震和震后变形的了解，并可能有助于改进建筑物和关键结构的设计。 全球定位系统/地震仪综合网络将支持波多黎各及周边地区的地震和海啸灾害研究和减灾工作。 全球定位系统观测数据还可以并将用于真实的时间对流层水汽层析成像，这可用于天气预报，包括改进飓风路径预报。 原始GPS数据将通过UNAVCO档案免费提供。 因此，大量的教师和学生可以潜在地受益于从新构造学到大气科学到土木工程的研究和应用数据。 波多黎各马亚圭斯大学打算让一名普遍定期审议学生参与网络的发展。 UPRM是非博士-授予，EPSCoR（实验计划，以刺激竞争力的研究）和西班牙裔服务机构。