Characterization of Pollen Tube Repulsion in Arabidopsis thaliana

拟南芥花粉管排斥特性

• 批准号: 0723421
• 负责人: Ravishankar Palanivelu
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0723421&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Characterization; Pollen; Tube; Repulsion; Arabidopsis

Dr. Ravishankar PalaniveluProposal #: 0723421Characterization of pollen tube repulsion in Arabidopsis thalianaCell-cell interactions are important during development of all eukaryotic organisms. One particularly unique example involves interactions between a migrating cell and those that are in its path. Avoiding inappropriate interactions is essential for a navigating cell to reach its intended target. In humans, disruption in this process results in polyspermy and neuronal defects. In plants, cell avoidance is exceptionally important during reproduction when pollen tubes avoid egg-bearing ovule structures that have already been fertilized. However, since pollen tube repulsion occurs within opaque floral structures, the dynamic nature of these interactions and the signals that mediate them remain poorly characterized. Recently, a simple biological assay was developed to directly observe pollen tube-ovule interactions. This assay revealed that a short-range repulsion signaling is initiated from an ovule soon after a pollen tube enters it. Capitalizing on this finding, a variety of cell biological, molecular, genetic, biochemical and computational approaches are proposed to conduct a thorough characterization of pollen tube repulsion in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Insights gained on avoidance of spurious fertilization events could ultimately help in developing genetically modified pollen that cannot fertilize native species, which is an impediment breeders must overcome while developing transgenic crop varieties. This study will generate novel image analysis algorithms that will benefit other migratory cell models such as neurons and dictyostelium, and an open-access educational website on plant reproduction that can be freely used by educators, students, and the public. Biology faculty from Pima Community College, a non-Ph.D. granting institution, and undergraduates, especially those from under represented Native American, African-American and Hispanic communities, will carry out parts of this project. Exposure to biology and hands-on training in research will motivate them to choose a career in science.

Ravishankar Palanivelu博士提案编号：0723421拟南芥中花粉管排斥的表征细胞-细胞相互作用在所有真核生物的发育过程中都很重要。一个特别独特的例子涉及迁移细胞与其路径上的细胞之间的相互作用，避免不适当的相互作用对于导航细胞到达其预定目标至关重要。在人类中，这一过程的中断导致多精受精和神经元缺陷。在植物中，当花粉管避开已经受精的含卵胚珠结构时，细胞回避在繁殖过程中是非常重要的。然而，由于花粉管排斥发生在不透明的花结构，这些相互作用的动态性质和介导它们的信号仍然很差的特点。最近，一种简单的生物学方法被开发出来，可以直接观察花粉管-胚珠的相互作用。本研究揭示了花粉管进入胚珠后，胚珠中会产生一种短程排斥信号，并利用这一发现，通过细胞生物学、分子生物学、遗传学、生物化学和计算等方法对模式植物拟南芥的花粉管排斥信号进行了深入的研究。在避免假受精事件方面获得的见解最终可能有助于开发不能使本地物种受精的转基因花粉，这是育种者在开发转基因作物品种时必须克服的障碍。这项研究将产生新的图像分析算法，这将有利于其他迁移细胞模型，如神经元和dictyosteoblasts，和一个开放访问的教育网站，可以免费使用的教育工作者，学生和公众的植物繁殖。皮马社区学院生物系，非博士。资助机构和大学生，特别是那些来自代表性不足的美国土著人，非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔社区的大学生，将执行该项目的一部分。接触生物学和研究方面的实践培训将激励他们选择科学职业。