State-Building and Nation-Making: Citizenship and Naturalization Policies of the Former Soviet Republics, 1990-2005

博士学位论文研究：前苏联共和国的国家建设和国家形成：公民身份的制度化，1990- 2005年主要研究者：格雷戈里·胡克斯共同主要研究者：舒沙尼克·马卡里安华盛顿州立大学摘要到20世纪世纪末，民族国家是一种完善的组织形式和卓越的政治组织。国际规范和公约的出现导致了世界各国之间的大量一致性。与此同时，特别是在东欧和中亚，民族主义情绪和政治化的族裔动员给各国带来压力，要求它们对当地关切的问题作出反应。这些相互冲突的压力造成了一个艰难的挑战，特别是对15个新成立的前苏联国家来说。采用多种方法来理解这些新成立的国家的复杂政治进程。定量分析与定性档案数据相结合，以审查议会关于公民身份立法的辩论以及由此产生的立法的排他性或包容性程度。这些分析侧重于外部和内部压力在政治辩论以及在公民身份和归化政策的执行方面的相互作用。这项研究将增加对年轻国家面临的挑战的理解，特别是在公民身份和入籍等核心政策领域。从经验上讲，本论文的研究丰富了我们的民族和政治融合的动态在多元文化的后苏联共和国的地方，区域和国际层面上的理解。这些见解对致力于促进该地区民主和政治稳定的决策者和公民很有价值。

Doctoral Dissertation Research: State-Building and Nation-Making in the Former Soviet Republics: Transformation & Institutionalization of Citizenship, 1990-2005Principal Investigator: Gregory HooksCo-Principal Investigator: Shushanik MakaryanWashington State University AbstractBy the end of the 20th century, the nation-state was a well-established organizational form and a preeminent political organization. The emergence of international norms and conventions induces a great deal of conformity among states around the world. At the same time, especially in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, nationalist sentiments and politicized ethnic mobilizations put pressure on states to be responsive to local concerns. These conflicting pressures create a difficult challenge, especially for the 15 newly created states that emerged from the former Soviet Union. Multiple methods are employed to understand the complex political processes in these newly created states. Quantitative analyses are combined with qualitative archival data to examine the parliamentary debates on citizenship legislation and the degree of exclusiveness or inclusiveness in the resulting legislation. These analyses focus on the interplay of external and internal pressures in political debate and in the implementation of citizenship and naturalization policies. This research will increase understanding of the challenges confronting young states, especially in core policy domains such as citizenship and naturalization. Empirically, this dissertation research enriches our understanding of the dynamics of ethnic and political integration in multicultural post-Soviet republics on the local, regional, and international levels. These insights are valuable to policy makers and citizens committed to the promotion of democracy and political stability in this region.