Engineering Dynamic Complexity in Reacting Systems

反应系统中的工程动态复杂性

• 批准号: 0730597
• 负责人: John Hudson
• 金额: $ 29.79万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0730597&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Dynamic; Complexity; Reacting; Systems

John L. Hudson 00730597Intellectual Merit: The PI plans to develop systematic methodologies for engineering complex collective dynamic behavior that arises in chemical and biological systems composed of many interacting elements. Unlike approaches that focus on individual components of a system, the model-based approach describes emergent collective properties that cannot be understood only from a knowledge of the parts. Simplified yet accurate models of reduced order that nevertheless capture important features of system behavior are developed; these reduced models shall be derived directly from experiments and formulated without the need for mechanistic details on reaction kinetics. He will investigate the use of nonlinear feedback constructed with the help of experiment-based models in designing complex dynamic structure and tuning a wide spectrum of emergent collective behavior in systems composed of many elements. Since the feedback design methodology relies on a phase model description that describes general self-organized rhythmic patterns with weak interactions, the proposed methodology is capable of creating a large class of structures in weakly coupled systems. An important aspect of the proposed study is our ability to test the limits of applicability of the feedback methodology in independent experiments on populations of electrochemical oscillators in which the local dynamics and resulting waveform as well as the coupling strength and topology are systematically varied. Application will be made to mutual entrainment and dynamical differentiation, to the generation of sequentially visited dynamic cluster patterns, and to the design of nonlinear anti-pacemakers for the destruction of undesired synchronization of populations of interacting oscillators. He will address a question of both theoretical and practical importance: how to bring dynamical systems to a desired condition with weak, non-destructive signals without destroying the inherent local behavior.Broader Impacts: The research addresses fundamental issues that are driven by practical applications of commercial importance. The study on experiment-based models will open a route to modeling, predicting, and controlling dynamic behavior in a large class of chemical and biological systems in which a quantitative description is required but where kinetic information is difficult to obtain. As such it could find application in reacting systems from chemical reactors to corrosion where interactions among reaction sites are dominant features of behavior. The general methodology being developed should be a valuable tool in a contemporary problem of systems engineering and systems biology, viz., what types of modeling and experimental tools are optimal in describing a hierarchy of interactions among large numbers of elements that are both mathematically tractable but yet which capture the essential properties of the system. It may help reveal how sub-cellular, cellular, tissue and system-level mechanisms collectively lead to synchronization, generation, and expression of physiological dynamical activities. The model-engineered feedback may find use in pacemaker and anti-pacemaker design for medical use (tremors, epilepsy) as well as for applications such as high-power lasers and microwave oscillators for communications.A strong emphasis of the PI's studies is on the training of students and broadening the participation of underrepresented groups. Presently two female graduate students and two female undergraduate students are in our group; in the past ten years three African-American graduate students have completed their PhD studies. He will carry out collaborative studies and an active exchange of graduate students with international partners in Germany, China, Mexico, Japan, and Lithuania. He plans to continue his participation in presentation of his work in the USA and overseas; this includes workshops organized for students and investigators from third world countries.

John L.哈德逊00730597智力优点：PI计划开发系统的方法学，用于工程复杂的集体动态行为，这些行为出现在由许多相互作用的元素组成的化学和生物系统中。与专注于系统的单个组件的方法不同，基于模型的方法描述了无法仅从部分知识中理解的紧急集体属性。简化但准确的模型，但仍然捕捉系统行为的重要特征的降阶开发，这些减少模型应直接从实验中得出，并制定不需要的反应动力学的机理细节。 他将研究在基于实验的模型的帮助下构建的非线性反馈的使用，以设计复杂的动态结构，并在由许多元素组成的系统中调整广泛的紧急集体行为。由于反馈设计方法依赖于一个相位模型描述，描述一般自组织的节奏模式与弱相互作用，所提出的方法是能够创建一个大类的弱耦合系统的结构。所提出的研究的一个重要方面是我们的能力，以测试的反馈方法的适用性的限制，在独立的实验中的电化学振荡器，其中的本地动态和由此产生的波形，以及耦合强度和拓扑结构系统地变化的人口。将应用于相互夹带和动态微分、顺序访问的动态集群模式的生成以及非线性反起搏器的设计，以破坏相互作用振荡器群体的不期望的同步。他将解决一个具有理论和实践重要性的问题：如何在不破坏固有局部行为的情况下，用弱的、非破坏性的信号使动力系统达到所需的条件。更广泛的影响：该研究解决了由具有商业重要性的实际应用驱动的基本问题。基于实验的模型研究将开辟一条路线，建模，预测和控制的动态行为在一个大类的化学和生物系统，其中需要定量描述，但动力学信息是很难获得的。因此，它可以在从化学反应器到腐蚀的反应系统中找到应用，其中反应位点之间的相互作用是行为的主要特征。正在开发的一般方法应该是解决系统工程和系统生物学当代问题的一个有价值的工具，即，什么类型的建模和实验工具是最佳的，在描述大量的元素之间的相互作用的层次结构，这两者都是数学上易于处理的，但仍然捕捉系统的基本属性。它可能有助于揭示亚细胞、细胞、组织和系统水平的机制如何共同导致生理动力学活动的同步、产生和表达。模型设计的反馈可以用于医疗用途（震颤、癫痫）的起搏器和反起搏器设计，以及用于通信的高功率激光器和微波振荡器等应用。PI的研究重点是学生的培训和扩大代表性不足的群体的参与。目前，我们小组有两名女研究生和两名女本科生;在过去的十年里，有三名非洲裔美国研究生完成了博士学业。他将与德国、中国、墨西哥、日本和立陶宛的国际合作伙伴开展合作研究和积极的研究生交流。他计划继续参与在美国和海外介绍他的工作;这包括为来自第三世界国家的学生和调查人员组织的讲习班。