Transport Theory of Cosmic Rays with application to the acceleration of charged particles at interplanetary shock waves

这个建议的主要目的是应用输运理论对扩散激波加速。特别是行星际激波，例如日冕物质抛射驱动的激波，这种激波是由于太阳风中的日冕物质抛射而形成的。由此可以描述太阳宇宙线或SEP（太阳高能粒子）事件的能谱。扩散激波加速的过程可以理解为：带电粒子在激波阵面上来回散射时获得能量。一方面，这种能量增益取决于表征冲击的参数，这是由冲击模型研究。亚拉巴马的亨茨维尔大学开发的冲击模型，真实地描述了例如CME驱动的冲击。因此，将这些激波模型与输运理论联合收割机结合起来，计算带电粒子的最大能量，将是本建议的目的。另一方面，能量增益取决于扩散系数的形式。此外，这一建议的目的是发展输运理论，以更现实地描述天体物理等离子体中的粒子输运。特别是，因此，磁化等离子体将被调查的磁背景场叠加的随机磁场。在这样的等离子体中，粒子输运可以被假设为扩散的，并且由扩散系数表征。此外，在本提案中还将建立冲击模型。通过比较冲击模拟与真实的冲击，将确定冲击参数，这是必要的描述扩散冲击加速度。

The main aim of this proposal is the application of transport theories onto diffusive shock acceleration. Especially interplanetary shocks will be covered, e.g. CME – driven shocks, which build up owing to coronal mass ejections in the solar wind. Therewith it is possible to describe the energy spectrum of solar cosmic rays or SEP (Solar Energetic Particle) – Events. The process of diffusive shock acceleration can be understood as follows: Charged Particles gain energy while they are scattered back and forth across a shock front. On the one hand, this energy gain depends upon the parameters that characterize the shock, which is studied by shock models. The shock models developed at the University of Huntsville, Alabama, describe for instance CME – driven shocks realistically. Therefore it will be the aim of this proposal to combine these shock models with the transport theories and to calculate the maximum energy of the charged particles. On the other hand, the energy gain depends on the form of the diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, it will be the aim of this proposal to develop transport theories to describe the particle transport in astrophysical plasmas more realistically. Particularly, therefore magnetized plasmas will be investigated in which a magnetic background field is superposed by stochastic magnetic fields. In such plasmas the particle transport can be assumed as diffusive and is characterized by diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, shock models will be developed in this proposal. By comparing shock simulations with real shocks the shock parameters will be determined, which are necessary to describe diffusive shock acceleration.