Collaborative Research: A Proteomic approach to understanding cytoprotective biogenic sulfur production in sea-ice diatoms.

合作研究：了解海冰硅藻中细胞保护性生物硫产生的蛋白质组学方法。

• 批准号: 0739597
• 负责人: Michael Janech
• 金额: $ 28.33万
• 依托单位: Medical University of South Carolina
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0739597&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Proteomic; approach; understanding

Intellectual Merit: Biogenic sulfur compounds such as dimethylsulfide (DMS) and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) are climatically important compounds due to their effects on the Earth's radiation budget. Sea ice algal communities are significant producers of DMSP and DMS, and paradoxically, these communities are also often dominated by diatoms, which in pelagic environments produce negligible DMSP and DMS. Using a laboratory-based approach involving both semi-continuous batch cultures and chemostats, a series of incubation experiments will be conducted that mimic the extreme environmental conditions found within sea-ice. These experiments will reveal the stress physiology and cold adaptation of sea-ice diatoms. In parallel with the physiological analyses, a novel approach using proteomics tools, such as 2-D Difference Gel Electrophoresis will be used to determine which proteins are differentially expressed during acclimation to the environmental stressors. Artificial neural networks will assess the relationship between changes in DMSP production and changes in protein abundances, and find biomarker information on the pathways regulating cold acclimation, stress avoidance and DMSP production. Broader Impacts: At a global level, the proposed study would improve scientific understanding of what factors cause the high DMSP production in ice-algal communities and subsequently how DMSP production in sea ice diatoms could change as a result of global warming. As part of a high school outreach program, we will develop an interactive website to disseminate information on polar ecosystems and the role of the sulfur cycle in climate modulation. The proposed study will also provide support for a Ph.D. level student who will be directly involved in the proteomics component of the study and a Masters level student will be directly involved in the physiology component of the study. In addition, high school students involved in the outreach program and students from the REU program at the Grice Marine Laboratory (College of Charleston) will be offered opportunities to participate in the research effort.

智慧价值：生物硫化合物，如二甲基硫化物(DMS)及其前体二甲基磺基丙酸酯(DMSP)，由于它们对地球辐射收支的影响，在气候上是重要的化合物。海冰藻类群落是DMSP和DMS的重要生产者，矛盾的是，这些群落也往往由硅藻主导，在远洋环境中，硅藻产生的DMSP和DMS可以忽略不计。使用基于实验室的方法，包括半连续批处理培养和恒化器，将进行一系列孵化实验，以模拟海冰中发现的极端环境条件。这些实验将揭示海冰硅藻的应激生理和冷适应。在进行生理分析的同时，还将使用蛋白质组学工具，如二维差异凝胶电泳，来确定哪些蛋白质在适应环境应激源的过程中存在差异表达。人工神经网络将评估DMSP产生的变化和蛋白质丰度变化之间的关系，并在调节冷驯化、胁迫避免和DMSP产生的途径上寻找生物标志物信息。更广泛的影响：在全球一级，拟议的研究将增进对冰藻群落DMSP产量高的原因的科学理解，以及随后海冰硅藻DMSP产量如何因全球变暖而发生变化。作为高中推广计划的一部分，我们将开发一个互动网站，传播有关极地生态系统和硫磺循环在气候调节中的作用的信息。拟议的研究还将为直接参与研究的蛋白质组学部分的一名博士生和直接参与研究的生理学部分的一名硕士学生提供支持。此外，格赖斯海洋实验室(查尔斯顿学院)参与推广计划的高中生和REU计划的学生将有机会参与研究工作。