Multinary Zintl Phases Comprising Elements of Groups 13 - 15 and Ternary Molecular Intermetalloids

在过去的20年里，锌相和锌阴离子的化学和物理得到了加强，新的方面的加入使这一传统的无机合成和结构化学领域进入了一个高度热门的领域，解决了化学、物理和材料科学问题。在我们的项目DE-758/12-1中，我们研究了由13-15族元素和三元分子金属间化合物组成的多元锌相。在该项目取得巨大成功的基础上，我们打算进一步发展我们对二元锌离子和三元金属间化合物团簇的研究，到目前为止已经在高声誉的期刊上发表了9篇论文。我们正计划沿着不同的路线进行，一方面是对先前工作的延续和扩展，一方面是对新的元素组合，以及对到目前为止还没有研究过的新的合成路线和目标化合物的研究。项目大纲致力于两个主要目标：a)根据通式[MxE1yE2z]q-(M=过渡金属，稀土，U；E_1=第13或14族元素；E_2=14或15族元素；E_1不等于E_2)，合成、彻底表征和形成含有三元分子金属间化合物的化合物。为了实现这些目标，我们将首先利用各种不同的元素组合。其次，我们将进一步测试合成策略，以拓宽产品范围，并有机会获得对形成过程的新见解，以便了解甚至更好地控制它们。B)二元锌阴离子和三元金属间化合物簇合物与有机或有机元素配体R的衍生化，从而利用二元和三元体系的异极性，并根据通式[RnMxE1yE2z]q-(n，x大于或等于0)分解二元和三元锌离子以形成新的金属间化合物相。所有产品的化学和物理性质将使用所有可用的实验设备进行详细研究；除了确定样品的特性外，这还应有助于阐明含有二元或三元类金属间锌离子的化合物的形成途径、稳定性和反应活性--这是该领域进一步重大发展的关键问题。为了澄清不能用实验技术解决的悬而未决的问题，量子化学调查将是该项目的重要组成部分。这种高度复杂的综合和多方面分析的具体结合在过去取得了非常丰硕的成果，将有助于计划中的调查在未来取得成功。

The chemistry and physics of Zintl phases and Zintl anions has been enhanced during the past 20 years by addition of novel aspects that led this traditional area of inorganic synthesis and structural chemistry into a highly topical field, addressing chemical, physical as well as material sciences issues. Within our project DE-758/12-1, we worked on Multinary Zintl-Phases comprising Elements of Groups 13-15 and Ternary Molecular Intermetalloids. Based on the great success of the project, which afforded 9 publications so far in highly reputable journals, we intend to further develop our research on binary Zintl anions and ternary intermetalloid clusters. We are planning to follow different pathways that allow for both, continuation and extension of the previous work with novel elemental combinations on the one hand and investigations on novel synthesis routes and target compounds that have so far not been studied. The project outline is dedicated to two major goals: A) Synthesis, thorough characterization and formation studies of compounds comprising ternary molecular intermetalloids according to the general formula [MxE1yE2z]q- (M = transition metal, lanthanoid, U; E1 = group 13 or 14 element; E2 = group 14 or 15 element; E1 not equal to E2). To achieve the objectives, we will make use of the variety of different elemental combinations at first place. Secondly, we will test further synthetic strategies to broaden the product spectrum as well as to get the chance of gaining new insight into formation processes in order to understand and even better control them. B) Derivatization of binary Zintl anions and ternary intermetalloid clusters with organic or organo-element ligands R, thereby utilizing the the heteropolarity of binary and ternary systems, and decomposition of binary and ternary Zintl anions according to the general formula [RnMxE1yE2z]q- (n,x larger than/equal to 0) to form novel intermetallic phases. Chemical and physical properties of all products will be subject to detailed studies using all experimental equipment available; besides determination of the identity of the samples, this should serve to elucidate formation pathways, stabilities and reactivities of compounds with binary or ternary intermetalloid Zintl anions - crucial issues for significant further development of the field. For clarification of open questions that cannot be addressed by using experimental techniques, quantum chemical investigations will represent an essential part of the project. This specific combination of high-sophisticated synthesis and multifaceted analyses has been very fruitful in the past and shall contribute to future success of the planned investigations.