Collaborative Research: Do Positive Species Interactions Promote Invasions? Effects of Ant-hemipteran Mutualisms on the Success and Consequences of Ant Invasions

拟议的研究重点是红进口火蚁（Solenopsis invicta）和阿根廷蚂蚁（Linepithema humile），这两种入侵蚂蚁在北美分布最广，数量最多，对生态破坏最大。这两种蚂蚁通常与产生蜜露的真虫（半翅目）发展共生关系，包括各种各样的蚜虫、鳞虫和粉虫。这些关联对农业系统造成巨大损害。这项研究的目的是了解入侵蚂蚁和产蜜昆虫之间的这些联系如何增强入侵蚂蚁的优势地位及其在美国的影响。这将通过温室实验、野外操作和稳定同位素分析相结合来完成。蚂蚁及其相关的半翅目动物提供了独特的教育机会。火蚁和阿根廷蚁作为城市害虫的熟悉程度，以及它们作为入侵物种的突出地位，使它们成为对生态学、行为学和保护感兴趣的学生的理想教学工具。此外，蚂蚁和产蜜半翅目昆虫之间的相互作用提供了普遍存在的、容易观察到的相互作用的例子。这项研究的实验可追溯性有可能为学生参与创造许多机会。pi致力于促进多样性，并将继续参与和指导科学界代表性不足的群体。拟议研究的结果也将在基于网络的教育工具中占有突出地位。

The proposed research centers on the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) and the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile), the two most widespread, abundant and ecologically damaging invasive ants in North America. Both of these ants commonly develop mutualistic relationships with honeydew-producing true bugs (Hemiptera), including a wide variety of aphids, scales, and mealybugs. These associations lead to immense damage in agricultural systems. The goal of this research is to understand how these associations between invasive ants and honeydew producing insects enhance the dominance of invasive ants and their impacts in the United States. This will be accomplished through a combination of greenhouse experiments, field manipulations, and stable-isotope analysis. Ants and their associated Hemiptera provide unique educational opportunities. The familiarity of fire ants and Argentine ants as urban pests and their prominence as invasive species make them ideal instructional tools for students interested in ecology, behavior, and conservation. Moreover, interactions between ants and honeydew-producing Hemiptera provide ubiquitous and easily observed examples of mutualisms. The experimental tractability of this research has the potential to generate numerous opportunities for student involvement. The PIs are committed to fostering diversity and will continue to involve and to mentor under-represented groups in science. The findings of the proposed research will also figure prominently in a web-based educational tool.