SGER: Applying Digital Evolution to Behavioral Models

0750787密歇根州的问题。计算技术现在几乎影响到现代社会的每一个方面：管理电网和电信网络等关键基础设施；支持电子商务和医疗信息系统；以及控制飞机和汽车的运行。计算技术的这种普及性，加上其迅速增加的复杂性，引发了对能够适应不断变化的条件的计算机系统的需求。在过去的十年里，人们对自适应软件系统的许多方面进行了广泛的研究。例子包括自适应软件机制[120]；用于支持动态适应的基于软件体系结构的技术[21 38]；可适应和可扩展的操作系统[39 42]；以及需求级别和基于正式方法的技术[43 52]。这项研究极大地提高了我们对自适应软件和几个关键支撑概念的理解，包括计算反射[53 55]、关注点分离[12，56]、基于组件的设计[57，58]和程序流的透明拦截[59 61]。我们推测，很大程度上的困难是由于自适应软件的设计和实现使用了旨在开发非自适应软件的传统工具和环境。我们认为，如果没有相应开发环境的根本进步，动态自适应软件系统的全部潜力是不可能实现的。这样的环境必须使开发人员能够明确地解决设计问题中区分自适应系统和非自适应系统的那些方面。这些问题包括预测软件未来可能需要如何适应，构建管理适应的决策软件，以及确保系统完整性不因适应而受损。

ABSTRACT0750787ChengMichigan StateThe Problem. Computing technology now affects nearly every dimension of modern society: managingcritical infrastructure such as power grids and telecommunication networks; supporting electronic commerceand medical information systems; and controlling the operation of aircraft and automobiles. This pervasiveness of computing technology, coupled with its rapidly increasing complexity, gives rise to the need for computer systems that are able to adapt to changing conditions. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted on many aspects of self-adaptive software systems. Examples include adaptive software mechanisms [1 20]; software-architecture-based techniques for supporting dynamic adaptation [21 38]; adaptable and extensible operating systems [39 42]; and requirements-level and formal methods-based techniques [43 52]. This research has greatly improved our understanding of adaptive software and several key supporting concepts, including computational reflection [53 55], separation of concerns [12, 56], component-based design [57, 58], and transparent interception of program flow [59 61].Despite these advances, designing an adaptive software system remains a very challenging task. We speculatethat much of the difficulty is due to the fact that adaptive software is being designed and implemented usingtraditional tools and environments intended for the development of non-adaptive software. We contend that thefull potential of dynamically adaptive software systems cannot be realized without fundamental advances inthe corresponding development environments. Such environments must enable developers to explicitly addressthose aspects of the design problem that distinguish adaptive systems from non-adaptive systems. These issuesinclude anticipating how the software may need to adapt in the future, constructing decision-making softwareto govern the adaptation, and ensuring that system integrity is not compromised by adaptation.