Black Holes, Gravitational Waves and the Early Universe: Quantum Fluctuations, Backreaction, Information and Structures

黑洞、引力波和早期宇宙：量子涨落、反作用、信息和结构

• 批准号: 0801368
• 负责人: Bei-Lok Hu
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0801368&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Black; Holes; Gravitational; Waves; Early

This award supports a program of theoretical research on consequences of quantum field processes both at the late stage of the evolution of black holes and at the initial stage of the early universe. A framework called stochastic gravity is used to study these issues because it is especially well suited for treating quantum field fluctuations that have not been included in previous work on these topics. Quantitative results may be obtained from the Einstein-Langevin equation defining this framework. Techniques and concepts from quantuminformation theory are also used to address the black hole information issue. These methods may also be used to calculate the gravitational wave form and emitted energy from binary systems potentially detectable by LIGO and LISA. Determination of the magnitude of metric fluctuations near the black hole horizon due to quantum fields is essential to finding a solution to the backreaction problem: how Hawking radiation affects the state and dynamics of a black hole, both under quasi-equilibrium (in a box) and non-equilibrium (evaporating) conditions. Stochastic gravity provides an easier to implement route towards structure formation from second order metric perturbations needed in inflationary cosmologies based on higher order curvature theories. A new formulation of gravitational wave dynamics for binary masses with radiation reaction is useful for treating the self force on the small mass and backreaction of it on the motion of the large mass self-consistently without making the slow motion or the weak field assumptions.

该奖项支持一个关于量子场过程在黑洞演化后期和早期宇宙初始阶段的结果的理论研究项目。一个叫做随机引力的框架被用来研究这些问题，因为它特别适合于处理量子场涨落，而这些涨落没有包括在这些主题的先前工作中。定量结果可以从定义这个框架的爱因斯坦-朗之万方程得到。量子信息理论的技术和概念也被用于解决黑洞信息问题。这些方法也可以用来计算LIGO和LISA可能探测到的双星系统的引力波形式和发射能量。确定由量子场引起的黑洞视界附近的度量涨落幅度对于找到反作用问题的解决方案至关重要：在准平衡（在一个盒子里）和非平衡（蒸发）条件下，霍金辐射如何影响黑洞的状态和动力学。随机引力为基于高阶曲率理论的暴胀宇宙学中需要的二阶度量扰动提供了更容易实现的结构形成途径。一个具有辐射反应的双质量引力波动力学新公式，有助于在不作慢运动或弱场假设的情况下，自洽地处理小质量的自作用力及其对大质量运动的反作用力。