MO Collaborative Research: A Genomics and Cultivation-Based Study on Novel Candidate Divisions OD1, SR1, OP11, and TM7 in a Sulfur-Rich Spring (Zodletone Spring, OK)

MO 合作研究：对富硫泉水（佐德尔顿泉水，俄克拉何马州）中新候选分区 OD1、SR1、OP11 和 TM7 进行基因组学和培养研究

• 批准号: 0801858
• 负责人: Mostafa Elshahed
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0801858&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MO; Collaborative; Research; Genomics; Cultivation

During the last two decades, advances in techniques used to identify microorganisms have demonstrated that there are many groups of novel, previously unknown bacteria that appear to be very abundant in multiple environments. It is likely that many of these groups have important ecological roles and yet they have not been studied in the laboratory. The goal of this project is to investigate the physiological characteristics, metabolic abilities, and potential ecological roles of four of these important bacterial groups, termed candidate divisions, OD1, SR1, OP11, and TM7. These four groups have been shown to be relatively abundant in Zodletone spring, a low temperature (20 degrees C) sulfide and sulfur-rich spring in southwestern Oklahoma and they are thought to be important members of the community in terms of facilitating the biological processes that are occurring in this spring. These processes include degradation of hydrocarbons, formation of minerals and photosynthesis. Zodletone spring will be used as a microbial observatory to study these groups. A set of genomic techniques will be used, which involve sequencing DNA from the genome of one individual microbial cell, literally fished from the spring using a flow cytometer. The results will allow identification of the genes and assembly of the metabolic pathways that may be used for the above processes. Ultimately the data will be used to understand the chemical reactions and the ecological roles performed by members of each these groups. Along with genomic studies, these groups of bacteria will be cultivated and studied in the laboratory. These bacteria come from an environment in which oxygen is rarely present and as a result, oxygen is likely toxic to these cells. Sophisticated isolation strategies will be used for isolating and growing bacteria that would not normally grow in the laboratory and these will be adapted to work with microorganisms that are oxygen sensitive. These cultivation studies will allow us to verify that the bacteria are able to catalyze the reactions that have been proposed for them and will allow us to study individual reactions to understand how each process occurs. The results obtained in this proposal will be integrated into undergraduate and graduate courses offered at Oklahoma State University and the University of Oklahoma. The proposal will also provide several graduate and undergraduate research opportunities to members (especially Native Americans)of underrepresented groups in science. Finally, the project will help continuing and expanding outreach efforts to Oklahoma high schools through the K20 Center at the University of Oklahoma and the Junior Science and Humanities Symposia (JSHS) Program at Oklahoma State University.

在过去的二十年里，用于识别微生物的技术的进步表明，有许多以前未知的新细菌群体似乎在多种环境中非常丰富。很可能，这些群体中的许多具有重要的生态作用，但它们还没有在实验室中进行研究。本项目的目标是研究四个重要细菌群的生理特性、代谢能力和潜在的生态作用，它们被称为候选分区OD1、SR1、OP11和TM7。这四个群体在佐德尔顿温泉中相对丰富，佐德尔顿温泉是俄克拉何马州西南部的一种低温(20摄氏度)硫化物和富硫温泉，他们被认为是群落中重要的成员，促进了今年春天发生的生物过程。这些过程包括碳氢化合物的降解、矿物的形成和光合作用。佐德尔顿泉将被用作微生物观测站来研究这些群体。将使用一套基因组技术，其中包括对单个微生物细胞的基因组进行DNA测序，从字面上讲是使用流式细胞仪从泉水中捕捞出来的。这一结果将有助于识别可能用于上述过程的基因和代谢途径的组装。最终，这些数据将被用来理解这些群体中每个成员所扮演的化学反应和生态角色。随着基因组研究的进行，这些细菌组将在实验室进行培养和研究。这些细菌来自一个很少存在氧气的环境，因此，氧气可能对这些细胞有毒。复杂的分离策略将用于分离和生长通常不会在实验室生长的细菌，这些策略将被适应于与氧气敏感的微生物一起工作。这些培养研究将使我们能够验证细菌能够催化为他们提出的反应，并将使我们能够研究个别反应，以了解每个过程是如何发生的。该提案所取得的成果将纳入俄克拉荷马州立大学和俄克拉荷马大学提供的本科生和研究生课程。该提案还将为科学界代表性不足的群体的成员(特别是美洲原住民)提供几个研究生和本科生研究机会。最后，该项目将通过俄克拉荷马大学的K20中心和俄克拉荷马州立大学的青少年科学和人文研讨会(JSHS)计划，帮助继续并扩大对俄克拉荷马高中的外展努力。