Microscopic Details of Polymer Dynamics: From Fast Dynamics to Segmental and Chain Relaxations

聚合物动力学的微观细节：从快速动力学到链段松弛

• 批准号: 0804571
• 负责人: Alexei Sokolov
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: University of Akron
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2010-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0804571&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microscopic; Details; Polymer; Dynamics; Fast

TECHNICAL SUMMARY:Most of the unique properties of polymeric materials are defined by peculiarities of their molecular motions. Thus, understanding fundamentals of polymer dynamics is crucial for design of novel advanced materials with desired macroscopic properties. The proposed work is focused on various aspects of polymer dynamics, from microscopic behavior on picosecond time scales (fast dynamics) to the main structural relaxation (segmental dynamics) and chain dynamics. The main goal of this research is to unravel the microscopic mechanisms of the underlying phenomena and to explore role of chemical structure and inter-molecular interactions on molecular motions at different time and length scales. The proposed work aims at creation of a unified approach that will be able to describe polymer dynamics at different time and length scales and predict macroscopic properties of polymers based on their chemical structure. A broad number of experimental techniques (light, neutron and X-ray scattering, dielectric and mechanical relaxation spectroscopy) employed in this program provide detailed microscopic information on all components of polymer dynamics. The program includes broad collaborations with a few groups in the US (including industry) and in Europe. The results will have significant impact on polymer science, and in broader aspect on dynamics of complex systems, materials science and physics in general, and also on biophysics through a better understanding of dynamics of biological macromolecules.NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:The importance of polymer-based materials in our everyday life is growing dramatically and even broader perspectives are expected for the use of polymers in future technologies, including photonics, electronics and bio-technologies. Molecular motions present the key to many macroscopic properties of polymers. The proposed research focuses on fundamental understanding of molecular motions at different time and length scales and will impact various fields of materials science, physics and biophysics. Moreover, understanding the relationship between molecular structure and dynamics will have significant impact on design and synthesis of novel polymeric materials for advanced technologies. The proposed program involves broad international collaboration, collaboration with national multi-user facilities at NIST and ANL and with local industry. The proposed program also significantly impacts education of future specialists through active involvement of graduate and undergraduate students in this research, developments of graduate courses. Attention is also paid to work with underrepresented groups and K-12 students outreach.

技术概述：高分子材料的大多数独特性能是由其分子运动的特性决定的。因此，了解聚合物动力学的基本原理对于设计具有理想宏观性能的新型先进材料至关重要。提出的工作集中在聚合物动力学的各个方面，从皮秒时间尺度上的微观行为（快速动力学）到主要结构弛豫（节段动力学）和链动力学。本研究的主要目的是揭示潜在现象的微观机制，并探讨化学结构和分子间相互作用对不同时间和长度尺度下分子运动的影响。提出的工作旨在创造一种统一的方法，能够描述聚合物在不同时间和长度尺度上的动力学，并根据聚合物的化学结构预测聚合物的宏观性质。广泛的实验技术（光，中子和x射线散射，介电和机械松弛光谱）在这个程序中使用提供详细的微观信息的所有组件的聚合物动力学。该计划包括与美国（包括工业）和欧洲的一些团体的广泛合作。研究结果将对聚合物科学产生重大影响，并在更广泛的方面对复杂系统的动力学，材料科学和物理学，以及通过对生物大分子动力学的更好理解而对生物物理学产生重大影响。非技术总结：聚合物基材料在我们日常生活中的重要性正在急剧增长，聚合物在未来技术中的应用前景更加广阔，包括光子学、电子学和生物技术。分子运动是聚合物许多宏观性质的关键。该计划的研究重点是对不同时间和长度尺度下分子运动的基本理解，并将影响材料科学，物理学和生物物理学的各个领域。此外，了解分子结构和动力学之间的关系将对先进技术的新型高分子材料的设计和合成产生重大影响。拟议的项目涉及广泛的国际合作，与NIST和ANL的国家多用户设施以及当地工业合作。该计划还通过研究生和本科生积极参与这项研究和研究生课程的开发，对未来专家的教育产生重大影响。此外，还关注弱势群体和K-12学生的外展工作。