Collaborative Research: The NEEM Deep Ice Core

该提案要求资金支持一组美国科学家参与北埃米恩（NEEM）深冰芯项目，该项目旨在在格陵兰岛北部获得一个新的冰芯。NEEM是由哥本哈根大学冰川学小组领导的一项国际努力。已有十几个国家表达了参与的愿望。美国是NEEM的主要合作伙伴，并且已经提供了收集冰芯所需的大约三分之一的物流成本。美国科学家将在天然气和天然气同位素分析以及气体与冰结合的物理研究方面处于领先地位，他们将把现代气候置于过去两千年的背景下，他们将帮助提供将所有分析置于气候背景下所需的冰的基本温度记录。该项目的一个特别重点将放在高时间分辨率上，以探索气候突变。最突出的分析将集中在气体浓度上，特别是一氧化碳，以及氧、氢、氩、氪和碳的稳定同位素。最后一个子项目将侧重于固化过程，以了解气体在冰雪中的平流和扩散，以及保存大气气体的冰泡的发展。

This proposal requests funds to support the participation of a group of US scientists in the North Eemian (NEEM) Deep Ice Core Project, a project designed to acquire a new ice core in northern Greenland. NEEM is an international effort, led by the glaciology group at the University of Copenhagen. More than a dozen countries have expressed a desire to participate. The US is a main partner in NEEM and is already providing about one-third of the logistics costs needed to collect the ice core. US scientists will take the lead on gas and gas isotope analyses and studies of the physics of gas incorporation into ice, they will place the modern climate in the context of the past two millennia, and they will help provide the basic temperature records in the ice needed to place all analyses in a climate context. A particular focus of the project will be on high temporal resolution to explore abrupt climate shifts. The most prominent analyses will focus on gas concentrations, in particular carbon monoxide, and stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, argon, krypton, and carbon. A final subproject will focus on the firnification processes in order to understand the advection and diffusion of gases through the snow and ice and the development of ice bubbles that preserve the atmospheric gases.