SHARP: Saronic Harbors Archaeological Research Project

在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，丹尼尔·普伦博士设计了萨罗尼克港考古研究项目（SHARP），对希腊南部的萨罗尼克湾海岸进行两个季节的考古和地质考古研究。来自美国、加拿大、英国、澳大利亚和希腊的国际团队，由普伦博士和联合主任托马斯·塔尔塔隆博士领导，旨在研究古代国家之间的相互关系，当它们在一个称为对等政体竞争的过程中争夺对周边地区的控制权时。该项目涉及地表调查，挖掘，人工制品分析和古环境重建的密集计划，重点是最近在希腊南部发现的迈锡尼港口/港口城镇Korean-Kalamianos。一千七？公元前1200年）。这个遗址及其背景的特殊意义在于，它似乎在迈锡尼的新兴宫廷国家扩张到以爱吉纳岛上的科隆纳为中心的旧国家的势力范围的过程中扮演了有争议的边缘角色，并最终在经济上甚至在政治上合并了卡拉米亚诺斯地区。卡拉米亚诺斯岛在爱琴海史前史上是独一无二的，因为当时的城市港口几乎不为人知，而且因为石头建筑地基和低墙的现代表面暴露在任何挖掘之前都已经完成了几乎完整的解决方案。实地方法已于2007年付诸实施并得到完善，将通过获取有关建筑和城镇规划、人工制品、定居模式和古环境的数据来记录城市港口及其腹地。对建筑遗迹的仔细记录表明，公元前世纪出现的迈锡尼建筑是迈锡尼宫廷社会的顶峰，但并不确定这是否反映了迈锡尼人的存在或当地精英模仿帝国建筑。地表调查的初步结果表明，定居和生计模式同时发生了惊人的变化。表面陶器包括Aiginetan和迈锡尼类型和陶瓷的岩相分析将澄清这些复杂的相互作用。SHARP的智力价值在于考察迈锡尼中心地带的周边地区，而不是典型的关注遥远的地区和原材料收购和区域间贸易的问题。夏普试图描述的作用，在扩张和巩固的古老国家的背景下，竞争过程中的同龄人的政治。对爱琴海史前史的影响将是直接的，其结果将为研究世界其他地区的类似过程提供比较数据，例如玛雅和瓦里国家，SHARP的更广泛影响包括发展国际合作和有针对性的女性工作人员专业发展。研究生提供密集的培训和论文机会。希腊当地社区和游客的公众宣传将产生长期和积极的成果，在美国的大众媒体、教学和学校及其他团体的演讲中传播成果也将产生长期和积极的成果。

With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Daniel J. Pullen has designed the Saronic Harbors Archaeological Research Project (SHARP) to conduct two seasons of archaeological and geoarchaeological research on the Saronic Gulf coast of southern Greece. The international team from the US, Canada, UK, Australia, and Greece, led by Dr. Pullen and co-director Dr. Thomas Tartaron, seeks to examine the interrelationships among archaic states when they compete for control of peripheral regions, in a process called peer-polity competition. The project involves an intensive program of surface survey, excavation, artifact analysis, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction, focused on the recently discovered Mycenaean port/harbor town of Korphos-Kalamianos in southern Greece (ca. 1700?1200 B.C.). The particular interest of the site and its setting is that it appears to have played the role of contested periphery in a process by which the emerging palace state at Mycenae expanded into the sphere of influence of an older state centered at Kolonna on the island of Aigina, and eventually incorporated the Kalamianos region economically and perhaps politically as well. Kalamianos is unique in Aegean prehistory because urban ports of the period are virtually unknown, and because the exposure on the modern surface of stone architectural foundations and lower walls is such that a nearly complete plan of the settlement has been made before any excavation. The field methods, put into practice and refined already in 2007, will document the urban port and its hinterland by obtaining data on architecture and town planning, artifacts, settlement patterns, and paleoenvironment. Careful documentation of architectural remains indicates the appearance of canonical Mycenaean architecture of the 13th century B.C. is the peak of palace society at Mycenae, but it is not certain whether this reflects Mycenaes' presence or local elites emulating imperial architecture. Initial results from surface survey suggest that settlement and subsistence patterns underwent striking changes at the same time. The surface pottery comprises both Aiginetan and Mycenaean types and petrographic analyses of the ceramics will clarify these complex interactions. The intellectual merit of SHARP lies in examining peripheries within the Mycenaean heartland, instead of the typical focus on distant regions and issues of raw material acquisition and interregional trade. SHARP seeks to describe the roles peripheries play in the expansion and consolidation of archaic states in the context of a competitive process among peer polities. The impact on Aegean prehistory will be immediate, and the results will provide comparative data for the study of analogous processes in other world areas, for example among Maya and Wari states.Among the broader impacts of SHARP are the development of international collaboration and targeted professional development for female staff members. Graduate students are provided intensive training and dissertation opportunities. Public outreach to the local community and tourists in Greece will have long-lasting and positive outcomes, as will the dissemination of results in popular media, teaching, and presentations to schools and other groups in the USA.