Towards Evidence-Based Discovery

大量的电子信息为科学家提供了一个独特的机会，为科学家、政策制定者和学生提供了一个前所未有的机会，他们可以获得比今天更多的电子信息。本研究的目标是开发新的文本挖掘方法，这些方法与专家目前用于解决矛盾和冗余证据的手动过程一致。即使对人来说，发现和合成都是困难的活动，因此团队计划了一个社会技术策略来实现这一目标。本研究包括对北卡罗来纳大学和三角研究公园的教师、政策制定者和学生组成的多样化网络的人工发现和综合行为的纵向研究。大部分工作将是推进自然语言处理方法，自动识别概念和关系，检测蕴涵和释义，并生成多文档摘要。最后，将进行一系列定性和定量研究，准确反映文本挖掘方法在发现和合成活动中的辅助程度。该项目将推进语言处理方法，检测概念和关系，识别释义和蕴涵，并生成多个文档摘要；为自然语言社区提供一系列反映多样化和现实信息需求的黄金标准；培养下一代科学家探索跨学科的复杂研究；推广？人类发现的一面？通过一个赞助的研讨会。本项目提出的文本挖掘的社会技术解决方案将确保后续文本挖掘理论和工具的广泛影响。该项目将通过使专家能够遵循学科之间的联系来加速科学发现；并通过减少解决一个学科内看似冗余和矛盾的证据所需的时间来加快政策制定。环境保护署和塞西尔·g·谢普斯健康服务中心的政策倡导者将参与其中，以确保这项研究产生的理论和技术与发现和合成发生的复杂环境相一致。Claim Jumper将加速他们现有的政策工作，但更重要的是，这个项目的工具将使手工方法不可行的研究成为可能。

Vast quantities of electronic information provide a unique opportunity for scientists identify candidate solutions for grand challenges as scientists, policy makers, and students have never had access to more electronic information than they do today. The goal in this research is to develop new text mining methods that are consistent with the manual processes that experts currently used to resolve contradictory and redundant evidence. Both discovery and synthesis are difficult activities even for people, so the team plans a socio-technical strategy to achieve this goal. This study includes a longitudinal study of manual discovery and synthesis behaviors of a diverse network of faculty, policy makers, and students from UNC and the Research Triangle Park. The majority of effort will be to advance natural language processing methods that automatically identify concepts and relationships, detect entailment and paraphrasing, and generate multi-document summaries. Lastly, a series of qualitative and quantitative studies that accurately reflect the degree to which text mining methods assist in discovery and synthesis activities will be conducted. This project will advance language processing methods that detect concepts and relationships, recognize paraphrases and entailment, and generate multiple documents summaries; provide the natural language community with a collection of gold standards that reflect diverse and realistic information needs; train the next generation of scientists to explore complex research that span disciplines; promote the ?human side of discovery? via a sponsored workshop. The socio-technical solution to text mining proposed in this project will ensure broad impact of the subsequent text mining theory and tools. This project will accelerate scientific discovery by enabling experts to follow connections between disciplines; and accelerate policy development by reducing the time required to resolve seemingly redundant and contradictory evidence within a discipline. Involving policy champions from the Environmental Protection Agency and the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services will ensure that the theory and technology produced from this research are consistent with the complex environment in which discovery and synthesis takes place. Claim Jumper will accelerate their existing policy efforts, but more importantly, tools from this project will enable studies that are not feasible with manual methods.