SGER: Effects of an extreme flood event on fish populations in Tabasco, Mexico

SGER：极端洪水事件对墨西哥塔巴斯科州鱼类种群的影响

• 批准号: 0813783
• 负责人: Ingo Schlupp
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-02-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0813783&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Effects; extreme; flood; event

Extreme natural events, like major floods, are very rare and difficult to document because they are unpredictable. It is clear, however, that they must have profound effects on many facets of geology, flora and fauna. Large-scale floods are of obvious importance for aquatic ecosystems. The amount of water and the force with which it is flowing temporarily will physically destroy or displace many aquatic organisms. Only if one has relevant data from just before a flood and is able to collect comparative data right after a flood, can one take advantage of such a situation. This research builds on a long-term study of fish communities and population genetics of fishes from several sites in Tabasco, Mexico that have recently been impacted by the large flood that occurred in the region in November 2007. The extensive data from before the flood provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine the impacts on fish communities and population abundance and genetic structure using modern morphological and molecular genetic techniques. This study will investigate the consequences of the flood on species richness and population abundance of fish at several previously sampled sites and examine population genetic consequences for Poecilia mexicana.This research will contribute to our understanding of how large-scale weather events impact communities and populations. The frequency of such weather events are predicted to increase with global change. In addition, this study will provide international research experiences for undergraduate students and will foster international collaboration with Mexican scientists.

像大洪水这样的极端自然事件非常罕见，也很难记录下来，因为它们是不可预测的。然而，很明显，它们必定对地质、动植物的许多方面产生深远的影响。大尺度洪水对水生生态系统的重要性是显而易见的。水的数量和它暂时流动的力量会在物理上破坏或取代许多水生生物。只有掌握洪水发生前的相关数据，并在洪水发生后立即收集比较数据，才能利用这种情况。这项研究建立在对墨西哥塔巴斯科几个地点的鱼类群落和种群遗传学的长期研究的基础上，这些地点最近受到2007年11月发生在该地区的大洪水的影响。洪水前的大量数据为使用现代形态学和分子遗传学技术研究对鱼类群落、种群丰度和遗传结构的影响提供了前所未有的机会。本研究将调查洪水对几个先前采样地点的鱼类物种丰富度和种群丰度的影响，并检查墨西哥Poecilia mexicana的种群遗传后果。这项研究将有助于我们了解大规模天气事件如何影响社区和人口。预计这种天气事件的频率将随着全球变化而增加。此外，这项研究将为本科生提供国际研究经验，并将促进与墨西哥科学家的国际合作。