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COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Evolution of Amphibian MHC Genes After an Infectious Disease Outbreak

合作研究：传染病爆发后两栖动物 MHC 基因的进化

基本信息

批准号：
0815315
负责人：
Kelly Zamudio
金额：
$ 33.5万
依托单位：
Cornell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-10-01 至 2012-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0815315&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH Evolution Amphibian MHC

项目摘要

Amphibian populations around the world are experiencing declines and mass mortalities at an unprecedented rate. The fungal disease chytridiomycosis is a primary cause of this epidemic, and differential susceptibility among species occurring in similar environments suggests that genetics may determine how individuals respond to infection. Zamudio and Lips will combine field and laboratory studies to test whether variability in immunity genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) confer differential survivorship to this emerging infectious disease, and how the disease itself alters the genetic and demographic composition of populations following an outbreak. The proposal focuses on frog populations in Central America where chytridiomycosis lethality is prevalent; however, their findings will be applicable to amphibian populations worldwide.This project will provide a better understanding of how emerging diseases shape adaptive molecular evolution, and how variability in immunity genes contribute to the response to novel disease threats. This research will quantify the molecular effects of this disease in ?real-time?, in addition to the genetic determinants of survivorship, resulting in useful epidemiological predictions for other populations or species that have yet to be exposed to the disease.

世界各地的两栖动物数量正在以前所未有的速度下降和大规模死亡。真菌性疾病壶菌病是这种流行病的主要原因，在相似环境中发生的物种之间的差异易感性表明，遗传学可能决定了个体对感染的反应。Zamudio和Lips将结合联合收割机现场和实验室研究来测试主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）免疫基因的变异性是否赋予这种新兴传染病不同的生存率，以及疾病本身如何改变爆发后人群的遗传和人口组成。该项目的研究重点是壶菌病致死率普遍存在的中美洲青蛙种群;然而，他们的研究结果将适用于世界各地的两栖动物种群。该项目将更好地了解新兴疾病如何形成适应性分子进化，以及免疫基因的变异如何有助于应对新的疾病威胁。这项研究将量化这种疾病的分子影响？实时？除了生存的遗传决定因素之外，还可以对尚未接触该疾病的其他人群或物种进行有用的流行病学预测。