Collaborative Research: Why Does the Efficiency of Methane Production Vary Dramatically Among Wetlands?

合作研究：为什么湿地的甲烷生产效率差异很大？

• 批准号: 0816575
• 负责人: Scott Bridgham
• 金额: $ 89万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0816575&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Why; Does; Efficiency

The objective of this research is to understand the factors that control the production of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane in wetland soils under anaerobic (i.e., waterlogged with oxygen depletion) conditions in current and future climates. These two gases are the end products of a complicated, interlinked set of microbial processes during the anaerobic decomposition of soil organic matter, and the goal of this project is to understand the relative ratio at which these two gases are produced within the context of the larger anaerobic carbon cycle. Both field and laboratory experiments will be used to examine the chemical, environmental, and biological factors (including microbial community structure) that control the ratio at which these important greenhouse gases are produced in six wetlands in northern Michigan. These wetlands represent a broad range of conditions in terms of hydrology, chemistry, and plant community composition. The proportion of soil carbon that ends up as carbon dioxide and methane during anaerobic decomposition varies by several orders of magnitude among different types of wetlands, and the factors that control this variation are not well understood. Because methane is a much more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, the ratio at which these two gases are produced can have a substantial impact on the Earth?s climate system. Also, methane emissions from wetlands have been sensitive to climate change in the past and may have strong feedbacks to future human-induced climate change.

本研究的目的是了解控制厌氧条件下湿地土壤中温室气体二氧化碳和甲烷产生的因素（即，在当前和未来的气候条件下。 这两种气体是土壤有机质厌氧分解过程中一系列复杂、相互关联的微生物过程的最终产物，本项目的目标是了解这两种气体在更大的厌氧碳循环中产生的相对比例。 现场和实验室实验将被用来检查化学，环境和生物因素（包括微生物群落结构），控制这些重要的温室气体产生的比例在六个湿地在北方密歇根州。 这些湿地在水文、化学和植物群落组成方面代表了广泛的条件。在厌氧分解过程中，土壤碳最终以二氧化碳和甲烷的形式存在的比例在不同类型的湿地中变化了几个数量级，控制这种变化的因素还没有得到很好的理解。 由于甲烷是一种比二氧化碳更有效的温室气体，这两种气体产生的比例会对地球产生重大影响？的气候系统。 此外，湿地的甲烷排放在过去对气候变化很敏感，可能对未来人类引起的气候变化产生强烈的反馈。